ABC  ATP-binding cassette  AKT  V-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog  ALDH1  aldehyde dehydrogenase 1  AR  androgen receptor  Bad  Bcl-2-associated death promoter  Bak  Bcl-2 homologous antagonist killer  Bax  Bcl-2-associated X protein  Bcl-2  B-cell lymphoma  Bcl-xL  Bcl-extra large  Bcl-xs  Bcl-extra short  BCRP  breast cancer resistance protein  Bid  BH3 interacting domain death agonist  Bik  Bcl-2-interacting killer  BNIP3  Bcl2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3  CAF  cancer-associated fibroblast  CAIX  carbonic anhydrase IX  cFLIP  cellular FLICE (FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme)-inhibitory protein  ChIP  chromatin immunoprecipitation  CI  Combination Index  cIAP1/2  cellular IAP1/2  CML  chronic myelogenous leukemia  CSC  cancer stem cell  DISC  death-inducing signaling complex  DR  death receptor  DRI  Dose Reduction Index  ECM  extracellular matrix  EMT  epithelial-mesenchymal transition  EpCAM  epithelial cell adhesion molecule  GLUT  glucose transporter  GSK3β  glycogen synthase kinase-3β  HIF-1  hypoxia inducible factor-1  HSF1  heat shock factor 1  HSP  heat shock protein  IAP  inhibitor of apoptosis protein  JNK  c-JUN N-terminal kinase  MAPK  mitogen-activated protein kinase  Mcl-1  myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein  MDM2  murine double minute 2  MDR  multidrug resistance  MKP  MAPK phosphatase  MRP1  multidrug resistance protein 1  NF-κB  nuclear factor-kappaB  pAkt  phosphor-Akt  PARP  poly ADP-ribose polymerase  P-gp  P-glycoprotein  PI3K-PTEN  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-phosphatase and tensin homolog  PKC  phosphorylated at Ser9 by protein kinase C  pp2A  protein phosphatase 2A  REST  repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor  SAR  structure-activity relationship  TAM  tumor-associated macrophage  TFIIH  transcription factor IIH  TKI  tyrosine kinase inhibitor  TM  tumor-microenvironment  TRAIL/Apo-2L  TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand  tRXRα  the N-terminal truncated form of the nuclear retinoid X receptor-α  TWHF  Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F  VEGF  vascular endothelial growth factor  XIAP  X-linked IAP  XPB  xerodermapigmentosum group B protein  Triptolide  Antineoplastic  Resistance  Sensitization  Mechanism  

CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC-AGENTS  HERBA-EPIMEDII  CANCER-CELLS  TRANSPORTERS  EXPRESSION  FLAVONOIDS  PROTEIN-1  ABCB1  PHARMACOKINETICS  PROLIFERATION  Osteosarcoma  Icaritin  Multidrug resistance  MDR1  MRP1  

AIs  aromatase inhibitors  AMPK  Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase  AR  androgen  ATM  Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated  ATP  Adenosine Triphosphate  BCSS  breast cancer specific survival  CK-MB  Creatine Kinase-MB  CREB1  cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein 1  CSC  cancer stem cell  DFS  disease-free survival  DHFU  dihydrofluorouracil  DPD  dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase  EpCAM  Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule  ER  estrogen  ERCC1  excision repair cross-complementary 1  ERK  extracellular signal-regulated kinases  EZH2  enhancer of zeste homolog 2  FdUMP  fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate  FdUTP  fluorodeoxyuridine triphosphate  FHC  ferritin heavy chain  FUTP  fluorouridine triphosphate  HbA1C  hemoglobin A1c  HER  Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor  HIF-1α  hypoxia-inducible factor-1α  HK  hexokinase  IGF1R  insulin growth factor 1 receptor  LDH  lactate dehydrogenase  MDA  Muscular Dystrophy Association  MMP  Matrix Metallopeptidase  MRP1  multidrug resistance-associated protein 1  mTOR  mammalian target of rapamycin  MTX  methotrexate  NCCN  National Comprehensive Cancer Network  OS  overall survival  pCR  Pathologic Complete Response  PDGFR  platelet-derived growth factor receptors  PFS  progression-free survival  PKA  protein kinase A  PR  progesterone receptor  RFS  relapse-free survival  SOD  superoxide dismutase  TAM  tamoxifen  TCA  tricarboxlic acid  TS  thymidylate synthase  Combination  Mechanisms  Metformin  Chemotherapeutic drugs  

breast cancer  MRP1  miRNA  chemoresistance  doxorubicin  

Gypenoside aglycon  Gynostemma pentaphyllum  Multidrug resistance (MDR)  KB/VCR cells  P-glycoprotein (P-gp)  Multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1)