| 题名 | 传感器网络路由协议及其在工业监控系统中应用研究 |
| 作者 | 张文亚 |
| 学位类别 | 工学硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-06-04 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 梁自泽 |
| 关键词 | 传感器网络 路由协议 工业监控系统 能量有效 QoS协议 Sensor Network Routing Protocol Industrial Monitoring System Power Efficient QoS Routing Protocol |
| 其他题名 | Study on Sensor Network Routing Protocol and its Application to the Industrial Monitoring System |
| 学位专业 | 控制理论与控制工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 无线传感器网络由大量成本低廉、功能强大的微型传感器节点构成，它通过一个固定的基站连接终端网络为用户服务，在军事和民用的监测监控方面都具有很好的应用前景。它是以数据为中心的网络，且规模非常大，这就决定了不可能所有的节点都能直接和基站通信，而需要以多跳的方式来完成数据的传输，这通常由路由协议来完成，无线传感器网络自身的结构及功能特点决定了需要设计新的路由协议而不是使用传统的有线网络的路由协议。随着工业自动化程度的提高，无线传感器网络也逐渐应用在工业监控之中，但是现有的路由协议主要针对生态监控或军事环境的监控开发，并不适用于实时性和可靠性都要求很高的工业监控系统中。本文针对传感器网络的路由协议及其在工业监控系统中的应用展开研究，其主要内容和创新点包括： 首先对有线网络的路由原理及算法、无线传感器网络的特点和现状、无线传感器网络路由协议的算法的分类和相关算法进行了综述，介绍了现有工业监控系统的背景和存在的问题。 其次针对工业监控的实际需求，提出了能量有效的路由协议算法和位置辅助的QoS路由协议算法。前者是一个分层的路由协议，通过传统的聚类算法把节点分层，根据节点剩余能量水平选择簇头节点，最终减小了整个网络的能量消耗，且使其在网络的节点中均匀分布，提高了整个网络的生命周期。位置辅助的QoS路由协议的目标是减小数据的传输时间，提高数据的实时性，文中把路由节点被共用的次数等价为路径的跳数的增加，通过多路径、定向发送数据包等方法减少发送的数据量，降低了网络拥塞，同时算法还解决了新节点加入和节点退出引起网络拓扑变化时的路由的更新问题。 最后针对两个实际的工业监控系统，提出了自己的解决方案。对于海上石油平台油井压力远程监控系统，解决了上位机服务器和多个下位机之间通信时的目标节点的识别和无线连接的维护问题，并在系列产品中得到应用。设计开发了新型煤矿安全监控系统的CAN/Ethernet透传网关，解决了位于CAN总线的数据分站和位于光纤环网的服务器通信时的路由问题，针对井下用于环境监测和人员定位的无线传感器网络，提出了相应的路由算法。 |
| 英文摘要 | Wireless sensor network (WSN) which is comprised of many cheap and powerful sensor nodes and serves the users on the terminal network through a positioned base station has a prospect in both civil and military fields. Due to the specialized structure of WSN and great number of the nodes in it, the traditional routing protocol in wired network is not adapted to it. And as the improvement of the automation scale in the industrial field, WSN is becoming popular, too. But the proposed rouing protocol in the past literature usually aimed at the environment monitoring, which did not take much consideration on the transfer delay and dependence of the data. In this paper, the WSN routing protocol and its application to industrial monitoring system are studied, the focus of the paper and the innovative points are list as following: Firstly, I summarize the principle and algorithm of the routing protocol in wired network, and the characteristic and application fields of WSN, the proposed routing protocols for WSN. The background and study meaning of the application of WSN to industrial monitoring system is also studied. Secondly, a power efficient routing protocol and a location aided QoS routing protocol is proposed. The former is a clustered-based protocol that the clustering algorithm is adopted to classify the nodes into clusters and the cluster heads are elected according to the current energy level of the nodes in the clusters. Through the routing protocol, the energy consumed by the network is reduced and evened to the nodes of the whole network; at last, the life time of the whole network is prolonged. In the later, the goal of the algorithm is to minimize the time that transfers the data from the source to the destination. The times that the routing nodes are used are transformed into the addition to the hops of path. Multi-path is constructed to guarantee to reliability of the routing path and the routing information is broadcasted only to the destination direction to reduce the number of data package transferred. And protocol proposed can also deal with the change of the network topology due to the join of the new nodes or the exit of the old nodes. Finally, routing protocol in two industrial monitoring systems is studied. In the remote monitoring system for the oil pressure on the sea, the problem of identifying the destination nodes and keeping the wireless network is solved when the high level PC is communicating with the low level nodes in a 1~N mode. The system has accomplished series of products. A new security monitoring system for the coal mine is developed. A CAN/Ethernet gateway is developed to implement the routing between the high level server and the low level data station and the routing between two different gateways. A routing scheme is proposed for the wireless sensor network which is used to environment monitoring and staff positioning under the coal mine. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 其他标识符 | 200428014628014 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/7402]  |
| 专题 | 毕业生_硕士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张文亚. 传感器网络路由协议及其在工业监控系统中应用研究[D]. 中国科学院自动化研究所. 中国科学院研究生院. 2007. |
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