全息测量数据校准方法与软件实现

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题名	全息测量数据校准方法与软件实现
作者	谭玲霞
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2015
授予单位	中国科学院大学
授予地点	中国科学院新疆天文台
导师	陈卯蒸
关键词	全息测量数据校准 Python Linux
其他题名	Data Calibration and Software Implementation of Holographic Measurement
学位专业	理学
中文摘要	抛物面天线的表面精度是评价天线质量的一个重要指标，它直接影响天线的观测效率。微波全息测量是检测和校正抛物面面形分布的重要手段之一，其中数据校准软件是全息处理软件中关键的一部分。由于环境变化、电磁干扰以及算法等的原因，会在测量过程中引入一定的误差，数据校准的作用就是要尽可能的消除或减少这些误差，使测量结果尽可能的反映面板真实的变形情况。现存有上世纪澳大利亚天文学家M.Kesteven 等人用Fortran 语言设计的全息测量数据校准软件，通过对此软件的深入分析和理解，并在充分调研国内外相关文献和技术报告的基础上，对全息测量数据校准的原理和软件实现有了全面的认识。由于现代大多数天文软件开始使用Python 语言进行编写，并且Python 语言在开发效率、数值计算和系统兼容性等方面都具有自己独特的优势。在这种背景下提出使用Python 语言设计数据校准软件。在对数据校准的数据处理过程和算法进行详细阐述与分析的基础上，设计了全息测量数据校准软件。该软件以Linux 为开发平台，使用Python 语言进行编程，包括四个模块，分别为界面模块、数据合成与分离模块、数据校准模块和误差评估模块。界面模块由Python的第三方库wxpython开发完成，提供文件选择、参数输入、结果反馈、图形显示等功能。若软件是命令行式，那么程序的运行要打开目录进行查找，过程繁琐，而增加界面模块既能便于用户操作，又可以直观显示运行结果。数据合成与分离、数据校准模块是软件的核心模块。在这两模块中，对数据提取、幅度求解、相位求解的算法进行了详细分析与阐述；并在分析测量过程中引起误差的几个因素的基础上，重点对天线指向、幅度波动和相位波动的校准算法进行了研究。具有误差评估功能，通过设置误差阈值，将每次测量反馈得到的各项误差与阈值相比较，若有一项误差超过阈值，则认为这组数据是不合理的，应当舍弃。误差评估的作用是方便用户筛选由于误差过大而造成的数据不合理，并对测量结果进行实时反馈。软件调试结果显示该软件运行时间在2 分钟以内，效果良好，具有一定的实用价值，不仅对于25 米的改造至关重要，也为未来奇台110 米射电望远镜做技术预研创造了条件。
英文摘要	The paraboloid antenna surface accuracy is a main index to evaluate the quality of the antenna, for which effects the antenna efficiency. Microwave holographic measurement is one of the important means to check and correct the antenna surface distribution and the data calibration software is a critical part of the holography processing software. Due to environment changes, electromagnetic interference and algorithms, the measurement process will be introduced in a certain error. The data calibration is to eliminate and reduce these errors as much as possible, to make the measurement result reflect the actual deformation and the panel as far as possible. There exists the data calibration software designed by Australian astronomer M. Kesteven with Fortran. After investigating considerably this software and foreign relevant data and papers, we have a comprehensive understanding of theoretical knowledge for holography and software. Because a lot of astronomical software are written with Python, for Python has many advantages in development efficiency, numerical calculation and system compatibility, etc. So we propose this project of writing the data calibration software with Python and improving some algorithms and modules. After analyzing the process and algorithm of data calibration, we develop the holographic measurement data calibration software. The software is based on Linux, written by the language of Python, including four modules, interface module, data combination and separation module, data calibration and error evaluation module. Interface module was completed with a third party library wxpython. Because the original program was made of command line, if we want to run it, we have to open the directory to research, which is so fussy. Interface module can not only convenient for user, but also display the result intuitively. Data combination and separation, data calibration moules are the core of the software.In the modules, we explain and analyse the algorithm of data extraction,the amplitude solving and the phase solving.And on the analysis of the measuring error caused by several factors in the process of, on the basis of the focus of antenna pointing, amplitude fluctuation and phase fluctuation of the calibration algorithm is studied. The error evaluation function is used for comparing the measurement error with the error threshold, which is convenient for user to abandon the unreasonable data due to the excessive error and have a real-time feedback of the measurement result. The program has a good compatibility. The default running platform is Linux, if we simply change the running way, it can run under Windows. Software debugging achieves good functions and greater practicality. It is not only crucial to the reconstruction of the 25-m antenna, but also makes technical predictions for the 110-m telescope.
语种	中文
学科主题	天体物理
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/648]
专题	研究生新疆天文台_射电天文研究室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	谭玲霞. 全息测量数据校准方法与软件实现[D]. 中国科学院新疆天文台. 中国科学院大学. 2015.