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题名	城市生态社区运行管理评价体系研究
作者	司亚琨
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2014-05
授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
授予地点	北京
导师	欧阳志云，崔彤
关键词	生态社区 评价指标 运行管理评价 Eco-community assessment index assessment of operation management
其他题名	Study on Synthetic Assessment of Urban Eco-community Operation
学位专业	生态学
中文摘要	生态社区是符合可持续人居环境理论、追求与自然和谐发展的理想社区发展模式。城市生态社区建设是未来城市发展的重要内容，而生态社区评价体系是指导和推广生态社区建设的重要依据。我国城市生态社区评价体系多以社区建设过程中的行为、措施指标来间接体现对社区资源消耗等方面的控制，无法准确客观的评价以居民活动为主导的生态社区实际运行管理状态。而生态社区的运行管理阶段的能耗及环境影响，在全生命周期中占用极高的比重。因此，以社区实际运行管理状态为研究对象的评价体系构建，对完善生态社区系统评价，提高现有社区实际运行管理水平，指导未来生态社区的规划与建设具有重要意义。       本研究通过对生态社区概念与内涵的梳理以及国内外现有生态社区评价体系的系统整理，总结出生态社区评价体系构建的理论框架，并对构建过程中各阶段的核心问题做了系统分析。在此基础上，以城市生态社区运行管理阶段的四个核心问题：资源利用、环境影响、生态服务功能、社区环境为一级指标，采用文献分析和专家咨询相结合的方式最终确定了与之相关的15个二级指标和21个三级指标，建立了一套城市生态社区运行管理状态的评价体系。对指标量化、标准值设置、权重分配、评价模型等做了系统说明以确保评价体系的科学性与可操作性。最后以北京某社区为例，探讨了评价体系的可行性及改善社区运行管理状态的措施。评价结果显示，北方地区提高社区资源利用效率的主要环节是增强社区居民的节水意识及降低社区的供暖能耗。社区环境影响与社区资源利用有较高的关联性，提高资源利用效率能有效降低社区的环境影响。社区绿地系统建设应摒弃固有的以美学为主导的绿地设计观念，重点发展以乔木为主，乔灌花草多种植物相结合的复合绿地系统，以提高社区绿地的生态效益，同时在绿地植物选取中还应注意以乡土树种为主。
英文摘要	Eco-community is an ideal development model of community. It is in accord with the theory of sustainable residential environment and aims to harmoniously develop with nature. With the rapid development of urbanization in China and the constant improvement of residential environment demands, the urban Eco-community construction is an important part of urban development strategy in the future. The assessment system of Eco-community is an important basis to guide and popularize the Eco-community construction. In the assessment system of urban Eco-community, the Eco-community is mainly evaluated by the construction measures and behavioral indices during the community construction. This fails to exactly and objectively measure the practical operation management state of Eco-community, which is dominated by the residents' activities. The energy consumption and environmental impacts in the operation management stage of Eco-community, however, account for a very high proportion in the life cycle of Eco-community. The assessment system for the operation management state of urban Eco-community plays an important role in promoting the operation management capacity and assessment system of Eco-community, and guiding the planning and construction of Eco-community in the future.        Based on the systematic organization of the connotation evolution of Eco-community and the research on the related literatures of Eco-community assessment system at home and abroad, the theoretical framework and core problems in establishing the assessment system of Eco-community were summarized and analyzed. On the basis of this, an assessment system for the operation management state of urban Eco-community was established. This assessment system included four first indexes, resources utilization, environmental impacts, ecological services and community environment, which were used in the comprehensive evaluation of the operation management process of community. By the expert consultation, the indexes related to the first indexes were chosen, including fifteen second indexes and twenty-one third indexes. Moreover, the detailed description and calculation method of each index was listed. At last, taking a community in Beijing as a case, this paper explored the practical application of this assessment system and the measures to improve the operation management state of Eco-community. The results indicated that it was important to promote the consciousness of saving water and to decrease the heating energy consumption in northern China. These measures would contribute to improve the resources utilization efficiency of community. Moreover, there was a relatively high correlation between the resources utilization efficiency and the negative environment impacts of community. The improvement of the resources utilization efficiency would effectively decrease the negative environment impacts of community. In addition, in the current green space system construction of community, the design idea that was dominated by the aesthetics should be abandoned. It was meaningful to construct the compound green space system, which was dominated by trees. And various plants, including tree, shrub, flower and grass, should be effectively integrated in this green space system. Meanwhile, it needed to be noticed that the species should be native species as possible. This would be helpful to improve the ecological services of community.
公开日期	2015-07-07
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/15735]
专题	生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	司亚琨. 城市生态社区运行管理评价体系研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2014.

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