| 题名 | 基于Gen-2标准的RFID读写器控制单元的设计 |
| 作者 | 张瑞子 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008-06-04 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 沈阳自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 南琳 ; 胡琨元 |
| 关键词 | RFID读写器 Gen-2标准 防冲突算法 标签识别 安全 |
| 其他题名 | Research on Control Module of Gen-2 RFID Reader and its Design |
| 学位专业 | 计算机应用技术 |
| 中文摘要 | 射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification简称RFID)是从二十世纪九十年代走向成熟的一项自动识别技术，它利用射频方式进行非接触双向通信，交换数据从而达到识别目的。随着半导体和大规模集成电路技术的发展成熟，RFID技术正逐步向实用化、产业化阶段迈进，为打破少数发达国家在该领域的专利壁垒和技术垄断，国内外政府、企业和科研机构纷纷开展实质性的研发工作。 RFID读写器是RFID系统的核心部分。如何实现读写器与电子标签之间的通讯，解决对多标签的访问冲突及传输中的数据安全问题，不仅影响到RFID系统的性能，同时也制约着RFID技术的推广应用，因此引起了业界的极大关注。本文在研究了RFID读写器的基本原理、构造、工作频段、发展现状及其核心技术的基础之上，将读写器控制单元进行模块化划分，并根据目前RFID领域中广泛使用的EPC Class-l Gen-2标准（以下简称Gen-2标准）分别实现了各个模块的功能。在此过程中，重点分析了Gen-2标准中读写器与标签间的通信指令、标签间的防冲突算法、数据安全传输算法，并在防冲突算法与数据安全传输算法中进行了有效地改进尝试，主要改进包括：在认真分析Gen-2 标准中SR（Slot Random）防冲突算法的基础上，针对SR算法的不足之处提出了改进算法。改进算法采用不避让冲突时隙的处理方式，减小了由时隙的随机选取所导致的标签间冲突的概率。同时对两种算法进行了仿真与分析，实验结果证明，改进后的算法在通信次数和吞吐率方面均优于原算法，有效提高了标签识别效率。针对RFID系统在数据传输时可能受到的攻击进行安全建模，并根据这个模型对Gen-2标准中的安全方案进行分析，指出了可能存在的安全漏洞。同时，在Gen-2安全方案的基础上提出了改进方案，使得读写器与标签间具有身份认证机制，避免了数据的明码传输。从改进方案与原方案的比较与分析中可以看出，改进方案具有更高的安全可靠性。 |
| 索取号 | TN911.23/Z33/2008 |
| 英文摘要 | RFID, radio frequency identification, is an automatic technology of identification which has been developed since 1980s. Through radio frequency, it communicates and exchanges data bidirectionally and contactlessly for the purpose of identification. As the development and mature of technology of semiconductor and large-scale integrated circuits, RFID technology is gradually to the practical and industrialization of the stage forward. To break a few developed countries' technical barriers and patent monopolies in this field, many governments have practiseed in substantive research and development work. RFID reader is the principal component of RFID system. How to realize the communication between reader and tags, and how to resolve anti-collision and data security during transmission will not only influence the performance of an RFID system, but also restrict to popularize the application of RFID technology. On the basis of research on the reader’s basic principle, structure, working frequency, current situation of development and key technology, the reader control module is divided into several units, and the implementation in function of the reader complies with EPC Class-1 Gen-2 protocol(Gen-2 protocol in short) . Meanwhile, this dissertation focused on analysis of communication command, anti-collision algorithm and data security transmitting algorithm that included in Gen-2 protocol. Furthermore, this dissertation made some improvements on the anti-collision algorithm and the data security transmitting algorithm. The improvements were made as follows. This dissertation analysed the anti-collision algorithm of Gen-2 protocol and presented an improved algorithm of it.The improved algorithm doesn’t parry the collided slots, which can reduce the probability of collision caused by random slot choice. The results of our experiment show that the improved algorithm, compared with the original algorithm, has less communications and better throughout. So the improved algorithm is a feasible and efficient solution to identifying Gen-2 tags. A security model was built, aiming at the underlying vulnerable points when readers and tags are communicating. The security solution in Gen-2 protocol has been analyzed, and potential security loopholes have been pointed out according to this model. Moreover, this dissertation proposed an improved solution, adding identity certification between readers and tags, to avoid illegal access to the data stored in tag. With the comparison between the original and the improved solution, the later is safer. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 产权排序 | 1 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-29 |
| 页码 | 63 |
| 分类号 | TN911.23 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.sia.ac.cn//handle/173321/473]  |
| 专题 | 沈阳自动化研究所_工业信息学研究室_先进制造技术研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张瑞子. 基于Gen-2标准的RFID读写器控制单元的设计[D]. 沈阳自动化研究所. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 2008. |
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