QQ客服 官方微博 反馈留言

题名	金沙江干热河谷区土地利用／土地覆被变化研究一以云南省元谋县为例
作者	何锦峰
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2003
授予单位	中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所
授予地点	成都
导师	陈国阶
关键词	时间序列 空间格局 驱动力模型 生态环境响应 Markov链模型 干热河谷
其他题名	Study on Land use and Land Cover Change in Jinshajiang Xerothermic Valley - a Case Study of Yuanmou County of Yunnan Province
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	土地利用／土地覆被变化（LUCC）是全球变化研究中的重要内容和热点之一。本文以云南省元谋县为案例，尝试将景观生态学、地学信息图谱理论和3S技术综合应用于干热河谷脆弱生态区土地利用／土地覆被时空演化、生态响应与预测研究。丰富了土地利用／土地覆被变化研究方法，同时为土地利用与生态建设实践提供指导。本文主要内容包括：1土地利用／土地覆被动态监测信息系统（LUCCMIS）设计。创新性集成应用信息图谱理论和35技术，设计能综合反映土地利用／土地覆被时空变化的LUCCMIS。构建了土地利用／土地覆被时空特征分析子系统。ZLUCCM工S数据库建设。除土地利用／土地覆被空间数据外，该数据库增加了生态背景空间数据及社会经济关系数据。并论述了TM影像的土地利用／土地覆被分类监测技术的组织与实施途径。深化了土地利用／土地覆被数据库研究与建设。3土地利用／土地覆被时间序列。利用单一土地利用／土地覆被类型动态度和综合土地利用动态度指标，研究了土地利用／土地覆被结构的时间变化。4土地利用／土地覆被空间格局变化。将景观格局参数引入土地利用／土地覆被空间格局研究，尤其是县域尺度的研究较少。本文将景观生态学的部分景观格局指标引入元谋县土地利用／土地覆被空间格局及其变化研究中，拓展了土地利用／土地覆被变化研究的内容、方法和意义。主要指标包括：（1）单一要素空间格局指标，如斑块面积、形状与空间分布特征等；（2）镶嵌体格局指标，应用生物多样性指标及分形结构理论研究镶嵌体多样性、复杂性与稳定性等。揭示了生态背景与人类活动共同驱动下的土地利用／土地覆被空间格局特征及变化规律。5土地利用程度变化驱动力模型的信息图谱研究。应用图谱分析方法筛选出对干热河谷区土地利用程度影响较大的主导因子，建立了土地利用程度变化与驱动因子的多元线性回归模型。在此模型中，以土地利用／土地覆被状况及其驱动因子变化量为因变量和自变量'还结合区域实际，选用了一些以前研究缈蝉为重要的驱动力因子。干热河谷区对土地利用程度影响较大的因素主要有高程气坡度、人口密度、大牲畜载畜量和土地利用／土地覆被图斑距主要交通千线的最短距离等，这也是土地利用优化与调控的重要因子。与其它驱动力模型相比，图谱分析不仅有数值解，还有图形解。6、土地利用／土地覆被变化的生态环境响应。中观县域与微观地块尺度相结合，通过径流场观测、植被样方调查等方法与其它资料分析，研究了土地利用／土地覆被变化的气候、侵蚀泥沙与植被响应。7土地利用／土地覆被变化预测研究。利用多期土地利用／土地覆被数据获得土地利用／土地覆被转移矩阵，再运用马尔柯夫链模拟土地利用／土地覆被变化。在对干热河谷Lucc时空变化、生态响应和预测研究的基础上，提出土地利用优化的思路。
英文摘要	As an important part of the Global Change Research, land use and land cover change becomes a highlight of it. Taking Yuanmou County of Yunnan Province as the case, with the comprehensively applied Landscape Ecology ^ Geo-informatic Tupu Theory and 3S technology, an analysis was carried out on the spatial-temporal evolution and a forecast is given on the changing tendency of LUCC in Jinshajiang xerothermic valley, which is a typically fragile ecosystem area. It enriched the methods of LUCC study, offering suggestions to land use optimization and eco-environmental construction. The key contents and novelty are as follows: LUCC Monitoring Information System (LUCCMIS) Design. Integrated the Geo-imformatic theory and 3S technology, LUCCMIS was developed. It was the realization of the digitally LUCC Spatial-temporal Union. And an analysis sub-system of LUCC Spatial-temporal change was established. The set-up of LUCCMIS database. It consisted of LUCC spatial data> eco-environmental spatial data and social-economical relationship data. The means of organization and implementation about LUCC classification from TM-data are presented. The research and implementation of LUCC database were promoted. LUCC Temporal Series Change. The change in the structure of land use and land cover was analyzed, with the indices of change dynamic degree on single land use and land cover type and all land use and land cover types. 4 UCC spatial pattern change. The indices of landscape were seldom introduced to analyze the spatial pattern of land use and land cover, especially at the scale of county. The LUCC spatial pattern and its change were analyzed with some indices of landscape pattern, which made the study on LUCC has new contents,methods and senses in ecology. These indices comprised (1) Single land use and land cover type pattern,such as the vertical variety,the patch area,the shape index, and so on; (2) mosaic pattern of land use and land cover, involved in diversity indices, the complexity and stability of Landscape mosaic. It revealed the spatial pattern and its change by the impact of human activities and ecological background. LUCC Tupu Driving Model. The primary factors for the degree of land use was chosen by the ways of map calculation. Then, the multi-factor linear regression model between the land use degree and the driving forces was set up. In which, the change in land use degree and driving forces were employed, and some important independent variables were seldom adopted before. The priccipal factors, affecting the degree of land utilization, are elevation, slope degree, population density, livestock and the closest distance of the land use and land cover patch to the vital communication line. Contrast to other LUCC driving models, the LUCC Tupu driving model can provide both a numerical value solution and a map solution. The eco-environmental responses to LUCC. Through the runoff observation, vegetaition survey and data analysing, the responses of climate, erosion-sediment and vegetation to LUCC were probed both at the medium-scale and micro-scale. Forecast on LUCC tendency. The transition matrix of LUCC was obtained through multi-temporal data of LUCC. Then, the LUCC was forcasted with Markov chain model. Some countermeasures were bring forth to improve the land use.
语种	中文
公开日期	2015-02-06
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/7801]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	何锦峰. 金沙江干热河谷区土地利用／土地覆被变化研究一以云南省元谋县为例[D]. 成都. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2003.

个性服务

查看访问统计

相关权益政策

暂无数据

收藏/分享

除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。