The tribological behavior of Fe₃Al composite with 60 wt.% Fe₃AlC_0.5 under air and vacuum was studied. The composite exhibited a lower wear rate but somewhat higher friction coefficient under air than vacuum. The wear rates increased and the friction coefficients decreased with increasing the applied load under both conditions. The sub-layer of the worn surface under vacuum suffered from severe plastic deformation. This was not the case under air due to protection by surface oxide films. The dominant wear mechanisms were plastic deformation and adhesion under vacuum and oxidative wear and slight delamination under air.