| 题名 | 芳香新塔花挥发油与黄酮类化学成分及新疆一枝蒿红外二维指纹图谱研究 |
| 作者 | 史昊 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 阿吉艾克拜尔·艾萨 |
| 关键词 | 芳香新塔花 挥发油 黄酮 提取制备工艺 红外指纹图谱 |
| 学位专业 | 有机化学 |
| 中文摘要 | 芳香新塔花是唇形科半灌木植物(Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.)，系民间常用的中药、民族药，广泛生长于天山一带，新疆和中亚的哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯坦等地都有生长，维吾尔族民间用其全草煎汤内服，可缓解胸闷、头晕等症状，临床用于治疗冠心病、高血压及调节心血管系统功能等疾病。研究表明芳香新塔花因其强抗脂质过氧化作用在高血压以及心脑血管及其并发症的治疗上有显著作用，其水提成份有显著的抗急性心肌缺血和中枢神经抑制作用等作用，其黄酮类成分有治疗心肌缺血的作用。为了更深入的了解芳香新塔花的物质作用基础，我们对该植物全草进行了化学成分提取、分离与鉴定及生物活性测试等一系列的研究。芳香新塔花含有丰富的挥发油成分，因此，我们采用两种提取方式即经典的水蒸气蒸馏法和CO2超临界流体萃取法对芳香新塔花挥发油进行制备，由水蒸气蒸馏得到的全草、根、茎、叶和花的挥发油通过GC-MS进行检测，分别鉴定出24、34、24、30、34和22个化合物。从芳香新塔花全草中分离出9个化合物，经与标准品对照和光谱分析鉴定出其中的7个，它们分别是：β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、山楂花酮、柯伊利素、山奈酚，金丝桃苷、槲皮素。本论文进行了芳香新塔花总黄酮提取工艺研究、芳香新塔花挥发油CO2超临界流体萃取工艺研究。在芳香新塔花总黄酮提取工艺研究中，首先进行乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取次数对总黄酮提取率的影响试验，之后在单因素试验基础上设计L9(34)表安排正交实验, 系统的研究了乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取次数等因素对总黄酮提取率的影响，并探索出了一个既科学又易于工业化生产的芳香新塔花总黄酮提取方法。此外我们还对大孔树脂富集芳香新塔花总黄酮的工艺进行了研究，首先从筛选大孔树脂开始，系统的筛选了11种大孔树脂，最终确定ADS-17型大孔吸附树脂为最佳大孔树脂，并确定了最佳上样浓度，上样速度，径高比，洗脱乙醇浓度，洗脱乙醇体积。在芳香新塔花挥发油CO2超临界流体萃取工艺研究中，通过单因素试验，选定萃取釜温度、萃取釜压力和萃取时间三个因素，以挥发油提取率为指标，进行三因素三水平正交试验并最终探索出了一个科学的可以工业化制备挥发油提取率最高的提取方法。经典的中药鉴别方法简便、直观，但也存在着一些不足，同时随着中国与国际市场医药贸易往来增多和人们对药品安全性的认识越来越深入，我们必须按照中药现代化的要求，充分发挥现代科学技术和分析仪器设备在中药鉴定中的应用，因此我们采用最直接，无损（不需要对药材进行溶剂提取）的指纹图谱技术中的红外光谱法（IR）为探索一个新的简便的鉴定维吾尔药材的新方法，以新疆一枝蒿为样本对其药材红外特征指纹谱图进行了探索性的研究。 |
| 英文摘要 | Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. was classified as Ziziphora plant of Labiatate, which was also named mountain mint and south Sinkiang Ziziphora herb. Z.clinopodioides Lam. is perennial suffrutescent herb and grows in the patana and drought hillside fields, which distributed mainly in Xinjiang of China and was also found in Kazakhstan and Mongolia. Z. clinopodioides Lam. has been used as a traditional Uighur herbal medicine in China, which was used to treat coronary artery disease and hyperten in clinic. Z. clinopodioides Lam. has notable curative effect on the treatment of coronary artery disease and hyperten for anti-lipid peroxidation. The aqueous extract has Anti-Acute Myocardial Ischemia and inhibiting effect on central nervous system，and the flavones ingredients can be used in treating Myocardial Ischemia. In order to clarify the bioactive basis of Z. clinopodioides Lam. as a medicinal plant, chemical constituents extraction, separation and identification, as well as bioactivities assays were investigated. Z. clinopodioides Lam. is rich in the essential oil. We extracted the essential oil by Steam distillation and SFE. The chemical Composition of the essential oil was determined by GC-MS analysis, and about 23 compounds were identified. 9 compounds were isolated from the extracts in our research and 8 of them were identified by comparing with reference substance and 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR,MS.They are β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, p-methoxyacetophenone, crysoeriol, camphero，hyperoside and quercetin. We also studied on the extraction processes of total flavonoids and the essential oil of Z. clinopodioides Lam.. To optimize processing conditions of the extraction processes of total flavonoids, we investigate the influence of concentrate of ethanol, dosage of ethanol, extraction time and extraction times to ratio of total flavonoids, and then systematically investigate the influence of concentrate of ethanol, dosage of ethanol, extraction time and extraction times to ratio of total flavonoids according to the orthogonal design L9 (34). Finally, we find a scientific and easily to be industrialized method to extract total flavonoids of. In addition, we studied on the enrichment processes of total flavonoids of Z. clinopodioides Lam. by macroporous adsorptive resins. After 12 species macroporous adsorptive resins were screened, an ADS-17 macroporous adsorptive resin was selected. We confirmed the optimal concentration of sample, the flux of sample, the diameter-height ratio, the amount of sample, the concentration and volume of elution ethanol To optimize processing conditions of SFE CO2，the factors, the pressure of extraction cylinder, the temperature of extraction cylinder and the extracting time, were studied through measuring extraction rate of the essential oil and using orthogonal experimental. The optimized conditions was confirmed: the pressure of extraction cylinder was 20MPa, the temperature of extraction cylinder was 45℃ and the extracting time was 60 min． Though the classical identification and analysis of herbal medicine is convenient and direct，but existed some deficiencies. As the expansion of domestic and international market and the in-depth understanding of drug safety，we must educe modern science and technology and analysis of the advantages of equipment in the Application of identification and analysis of herbal medicine according to the requirements of Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine. So we employ Near Infrared Spectroscopy (No need for solvent extraction of medicinal herbs) to set up the method of the fingerprint spectra of Artemisia rupestris L. in order to explore a new approach in identification of Uighur herbal medicine. |
| 公开日期 | 2014-10-14 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xjipc.cas.cn/handle/365002/3565]  |
| 专题 | 新疆理化技术研究所_资源化学研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 史昊. 芳香新塔花挥发油与黄酮类化学成分及新疆一枝蒿红外二维指纹图谱研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2009. |
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