| 题名 | 三峡库区小流域系统优化研究以开县石碗溪流域为例 |
| 作者 | 沈兴菊 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2004 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 成都 |
| 导师 | 陈治谏 |
| 关键词 | 系统优化 系统诊断 多目标线性规划 石碗溪 |
| 其他题名 | Study on system optimizing of small watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area -A case study on Shiwan watershed |
| 学位专业 | 人文地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 石碗溪流域地处长江三峡库区开县境内，由于特殊的自然地理条件加上人类不合理的利用方式，形成了以水土流失为主体特征的环境退化现象。本文依托中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目“三峡库区生态农业与环境保育技术试验与示范研究”及科技部科技开发项目“三峡库区高效生态农业工程的研究与示范”，应用系统分析方法，开展了该流域的系统优化工作：1．流域存在问题系统诊断。详细分析了石碗溪流域的资源结构、优势、生产活动、经济状况等，以流域实际情况为依据，确定了合适的指标体系，对流域存在的具体问题从定量的角度给予了系统的诊断，从而有针对性的提出了解决措施。2．多目标系统优化。以系统论和可持续发展理论为基础，运用多目标线性规划模型，对石碗溪小流域做了系统的优化，使其农业生态经济结构更趋合理，更有利于环境的保护与改善。3．治理模式配置与设计。依据规划结果和流域内的自然资源分异，以生态学的基本理论为基础，提出了生态立体治理模式，并在流域内对治理模式做了具体的配置。4．效益评价。从生态效益、经济效益和社会效益三个方面对规划结果及模式配置方式进行了效益评价。同时还选择了系统的稳定性、持续性、均衡性等综合指标从整体上对优化结果做了具体鉴定。 |
| 英文摘要 | Shiwan watershed lies in the Kaixian, one of the counties in the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Changjiang River watershed. Because of the limitation of natural and geographic conditions as well as the irrational use modes by people, the environmental deterioration phenomenon has emerged with the main character of lose of water and soil, which has brought serious damage to production, living of people and the developing of national economy. The environmental deterioration has also brought severe effect on local sustainable development. Based on one of the momentous subject of the Construct Committee of the Three Gorges Project, i.e. the Research and Demonstration of High Efficient Biological Agriculture Project in the Three Gorges Reservoir, this paper carried out the activities of optimizing the system of Shiwan watershed by using the systemic analysis method. The main results are as follows: 1. The systemically diagnosis on the problems existing in Shiwan watershed. The Shiwan watershed was qualifiedly evaluated by analyzing the resource structure and superiority, productive activities and economics conditions systemically. Aiming at the results analyzed, the reasonable indicators system is confirmed depending on the facts of Shiwan watershed. Meanwhile the concrete problems that existing in the watershed are systemically diagnosed from the quantitative respect in order to offer the resolution and measures concretely. 2. The multi-goals' optimization systemically. Based on system theory and sustainable development theory, the watershed was systemically optimized aiming at the existing problems by using the model of multi-goal linear programming in order to make the ecological economic construction of agriculture more reasonable as well as benefiting the environmental protection and improvement. 3. The collocation and design of the improvement mode. According to the programming results and the difference of natural resources in the watershed, the biological tridimensional control modes were suggested based on the fundamental ecology theory. In addition, the control modes were collocated in detail in the watershed. 4. Evaluation on benefit. The results of programming and mode collocating were evaluated from the respects of biological, economics and social benefit. Meanwhile, the whole indicators, such as the stability, persistence and equilibrium of this system, was selected to concretely appraise the optimization results. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 学科主题 | 人文地理学 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-08-09 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/3324]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 沈兴菊. 三峡库区小流域系统优化研究以开县石碗溪流域为例[D]. 成都. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2004. |
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