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题名	西南地区冬小麦遥感估产研究－－以四川省为例
作者	江晓波
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2000
授予单位	中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境
授予地点	成都
导师	周万村
关键词	西南地区 冬小麦 估产 模型 精度 评价
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	西南地区地形、地貌复杂多样，是一个以山地、高原和丘陵为主的地区。以上三种类型的地形占西南地区国土面积的97.5％。同时，西南地区也是我国重要的粮食主产区之一，播种的农作物以水稻、小麦为主。其中小表的播种面积和产量仅次于水稻，是本区内的第二大类粮食作物，其播种面积为4877277公顷，产量为13314394530千克，产量和面积均占全国小麦产量和面积的13％左右。冬小麦的产量和面积占小麦面积和产量的85％以上。四川省的冬小麦面积和产量分别占西南地区三省一市粮食种植面积和产量的36％和48％。四川省（含重庆直辖市）是西南地区人口最多、粮食产量最高的省份；其地形、地貌也具有一定的代表性；同时四川省的各种文字、统计资料等也较易获取。所以本论文以四川省（含重庆直辖市）为研究对象。本论文运用遥感和GIS等先进的技术手段，采取人机交互的方式提取耕地面积。由于在冬小麦生长旺盛时期，耕地中除了冬小麦以外大量地种植油菜及蔬菜等作物，所以要运用野外采样来获取冬小麦的播种成数，从而获得冬小麦实际的播种面积。以统计学和概率论为数学基础，将四川省各县的冬小麦单产按产量的高低划分为三大类、八个次一级的分类区。针对每一个二级产量区划单元，分析影响冬小麦产量形成的主要因子，包括冬小麦品种、气象、地形、土壤、水文等，将冬小麦产量分为两个部分，一部分是时间趋势产量，一部分是气象产量。影响时间趋势产量的因子主要和农业生产技术水平的进步、冬小麦的品种、田间耕作条件地改善等相关；影响气象产量的因子即是气象因子，包括温度、降水、日照以及气象灾害因子，如极端温度、旱涝等。通过对冬小麦产量影响因子的分析，最终建立冬小麦的气象－产量模型和遥感模型。并且对所建立的模型的精度进行评价。
英文摘要	The South-west China has variety of terrain and physiognomy. Most of the region is mountain, plateau and hill, which account for 97.5% of the area. It is also one of the chief food yield regions in China. Rice and wheat are the main crops in the region. Except rice, wheat is the first crop of the South-west China. The cultivated area of the wheat is 4877277 hectare and the yield of the wheat is 13314394530 kg. Both the cultivated area and yield of the wheat are account for 13% of the crop's in the whole country. Furthermore, the cultivated area and yield of the winter wheat are account for 85% of the wheat's in South-west China. The winter wheat is one of the main crops in Sichuan province. The cultivated area is account for 36% in the region, and the yield is account for 48%. Sichuan province, involved in Chongqing city, has the largest population and highest food yield in the South-west China, and has the typical terrain and physiognomy. Moreover, many kinds of material such as article and statistic data etc. are easy to acquire. So the paper chooses Sichuan province involved in Chongqing as the research object. The paper makes use of remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS) and the GIS software MGE to get the cultivated area. The cultivated area is interpreted by computer and man alternately. Because there are large amount of other crops such as cole and vegetable etc. when the winter wheat grows, the percentage of the winter wheat in all crops is the necessary and important data, which is called cultivated percentage. THe paper gets the cultivated percentage through fieldwork by statistics and probability, and computes the true cultivated area of the winter wheat accordingly. Based on the statistical material of the all counties in Sichuan province, the paper divides Sichuan province into three main and eight subordinate districts. Aimed at the eight subordinate districts, the paper analyzes the main factors about the yield of the winter wheat, which include the winter wheat variety, weather, terrain, soil and hydrology ect. The paper distinguishes these factors that affect the winter wheat yield into two parts. The first kind of factors affects the time series trend yield, which is correlated to the development of the agriculture technology etc. The second kind of factors affects the weather yield, which is decided by the weather conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, sunlight and the weather hazards etc. Through the analysis of the factors, which decide the winter wheat yield, the paper affords the yield-estimation model of the winter wheat. Furthermore, the paper appraises the precision of the model.
语种	中文
学科主题	摄影测量与遥感技术
公开日期	2011-07-26
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/3293]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	江晓波. 西南地区冬小麦遥感估产研究－－以四川省为例[D]. 成都. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境. 2000.

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