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题名	区域降雨滑坡的空间预警方法研究——以万州区降雨滑坡的空间预警为例
作者	吴彩燕
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2007
授予单位	中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所
授予地点	成都
导师	乔建平
关键词	滑坡 降雨 万州区 滑坡空间预测 降雨临界值 区域滑坡空间预警
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	区域降雨滑坡空间预警研究是以地理学和地质学的相关理论为基础，同时又融合了地貌学、气象学、水文学和岩石力学以及计算机学、数学等多学科，是一项综合性的科学研究。 本研究是以万州区作为研究示范区，根据多因子叠加原理建立区域滑坡危险性评价的指标体系，在GIS技术的支撑下完成了对研究区的滑坡危险度区划；同时又结合降雨和滑坡的相关分析，将滑坡与其诱发因素降雨有机地结合，从而实现对区域进行滑坡空间预警的目的。 全文共分八章：第一章，绪论；第二章，区域滑坡空间预警的理论和方法；第三章，研究区环境概况；第四章，研究区的滑坡发育特点；第五章，研究区的滑坡危险度区划；第六章，诱发滑坡的降雨临界值研究；第七章，研究区的降雨滑坡空间预警研究；第八章，结论与展望。 论文研究主要得到了以下的结论：（1）进行万州区滑坡空间预警的指标分为两大类：本底因子和诱发因子。在研究的过程中，本底因子选择地层岩性、坡度、坡向、高差和坡形5个因素；诱发因子选择降雨。（2）研究中提出了运用贡献率客观确定权重的方法。本文运用贡献率法客观确定了滑坡危险性评价因子的权重，从高到低依次是坡度、坡形、岩性、高差和坡向。（3）建立多因子叠加的评价模型，得到了万州区的滑坡危险度区划结果。在万州区内高危险度区的面积比例为30.45％，中危险度区占46.35％，低危险度区占23.20％。（4）进行降雨和滑坡的相关分析时，将降雨分为了两个指标——滑坡发生当天的24 h降雨量和滑坡发生前20天的有效降雨量，并建立了不同等级的滑坡危险度区内滑坡的降雨临界表达式。（5）以24 h降雨量作为进行滑坡空间预警的降雨指标，建立了降雨滑坡空间预警的模型，并且对预警结果进行了三级划分：一级预警（黄色预警）；二级预警（橙色预警）和三级预警（红色预警）。同时还通过实例进行了预警模拟。
英文摘要	Study on the spatial pre-warning method of regional landslide induced by rainfall is based on the theory of geography and geology. It is a all-around research owing to integrating so many subjects as physiognomy, meteorology, hydrology, lithology, computer and mathematics etc. Wanzhou county is the sample study area of this paper, in which it is completed to establishing the index system for evaluating landslide susceptibility based on integrating multi-index and zoning the l degree of landslide susceptibility supported by GIS technology. This paper consists of eight chapters: (1) Introduction; (2) Theory and method of spatial pre-warning of regional landslide by rainfall; (3) Background of the study area; (4) The characteristics of landslide in the study area ; (5) Zonation of the degree of landslide susceptibility of the study area; (6) Study on the critical value of rainfall inducing landslide in the study area; (7) Study on the spatial pre-warning of landslide by rainfall in the study area; (8) Summarization and prospect. There are some conclusions in this paper as below:(1) The index of spatial pre-warning landslide of Wanzhou county is classified into two kinds as interior and exterior factors. In this study, the author choose five interior factors: stratum lithology, slope angle, slope aspect, heiht difference and slope shape. The exterior factor is precipitation in the study area.(2) The method to objectively obtain the weight applying with contribution rate. The weights of the factors for evaluating landslide susceptibility are built based on the contribution rate, and the list from high to low is slope angle, slope shape, lithology, height difference and slope aspect by turn.(3) Evaluation model of multi-factor folded is built so that the result of zoning the degree of landslide susceptibility is obtained in Wanzhou county. In the result the area of high degree accounts for 30.45%, middle degree 46.35% and low degree 23.20%.(4) During analyze the relation between rainfall and landslide, rainfall is divided into two index which include the precipitation of 24 hours on the day landslide occurring and the valid accumulative precipitation in 20 days before landslide occurring. The expressions of critic rainfall in different degree of landslide susceptibility are established.(5) Spatial pre-warning model of landslide by rainfall is built taking the precipitation of 24 hours as the pre-warning index. The result of pre-warning is classified into three grades which include the first grade pre-warning, the second grade pre-warning and the third grade pre-warning. Different grade can be used different colors to express such as yellow expressing the first grade, orange with the second grade and red with the third grade. Furthermore, the pre-warning is simulated by examples.
语种	中文
学科主题	灾害学
公开日期	2010-10-21
分类号	P20;P42
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2262]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴彩燕. 区域降雨滑坡的空间预警方法研究——以万州区降雨滑坡的空间预警为例[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2007.

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