QQ客服 官方微博 反馈留言

题名	裂缝(隙)特性对边坡变形破坏的影响研究
作者	丁瑜
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2009
授予单位	中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所
授予地点	成都
导师	乔建平
关键词	裂缝 裂缝强度 渗流 数值模拟 边坡破坏
其他题名	Study on the effect of crack properties on slope deformation and failure
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	本文探讨的裂缝着重指那些决定边坡立体规模的控制性裂缝，同时包括土质边坡、岩质边坡不同变形下的裂缝和裂隙。在不利条件及人类活动的影响下，边坡将随伴着裂缝的演变向不稳定方向发展。在不同时间阶段，由于裂缝的宽度、深度等几何特征不同，不同位置、不同深度的裂缝在天然条件和不利的水力条件下对应的坡体应力场、应变场不同，导致边坡变形范围、破坏规模大小，潜在破坏面的可能位置以及安全稳定状况存在差异，这些亟待解决的问题是边坡破坏机理、稳定性评价研究中的重要内容，也是与边坡防治息息相关的重要依据。本文在调查分析众多边坡和深入了解相关研究现状基础上，通过观测测试、理论分析对裂缝(隙)结构形态、力学强度、水力运动特性进行了研究，结合实际的土质、岩质边坡模型运用数值模拟方法对裂缝的相对位置、深度等特征以及裂缝的水力特性对边坡变形破坏的影响、边坡稳定性变化进行了多方面分析和研究，最后对发育裂缝(隙)的边坡防治工程措施及其防治效果进行研究。 本文的主要研究内容包括： 1、对坡体裂缝的类型及其分布特征进行归纳总结，给出了裂缝粗糙度、裂缝宽度、裂缝充填等决定裂缝力学特性和水流运动特性的重要特征的测试、计算方法。 2、对裂缝的力学性质、水流运动特性分析，对深部非贯通裂缝的抗剪强度计算公式进行了修正，提出了基于Jennings方法的非贯通裂缝抗剪强度修正模型；针对裂缝渗流与应力耦合特性，对边坡变形过程中裂缝在复杂加载条件下的非线性变形特征及渗透性变化进行了研究。 3、以实际边坡为模型，利用有限元数值模拟对在天然条件、渗流条件下土质边坡变形及稳定性进行研究，分析不同深度、不同空间布局裂缝下的边坡应力场、应变场的变化，边坡变形破坏特征以及稳定性演变。 4、采用有限元模拟方法对不同深度裂缝和不同位置的变形错动带相互作用下岩质边坡的失稳破坏进行分析。在天然条件下、静水压力作用下以及不同的渗透系数的渗流条件下模拟分析了裂缝的力学强度、水力特性对边坡变形、稳定变化的影响。 5、裂缝和裂缝中的入渗地下水对边坡的危害很大，为此，提出一些针对性的防治措施。利用坡体排水、裂缝注浆、预应力锚固等工程措施对改善边坡地下水渗流场、应力场、抑制坡体变形、提高边坡稳定性等方面的作用机理和效果进行评价。
英文摘要	Owing to the transformation of environmental conditions and human activities, cracks develop in the slopes during slopes evolvement. At different stages, the crack aperture, the depth and others geometric features of the cracks vary. The stress fields and strain fields of the slopes cracked at different locations by different cracks also vary under natural condition and adverse hydrodynamic condition. Thus, the deformation range, the sizes of the sliding-body, the locations of the potential failure surfaces and the factors of safety (Fs) are different when landsliding. These questions are significant contents on cracked slopes failure mechanism and stability appraisal, closely related to specific slope prevention, and these are the problems needed to be settled urgently. In this paper, based on investigations and full understanding of correlated existing studies, observation test, theoretical analysis is applied to analyze the geometric features, the mechanical strength and the hydraulic characteristics of slope cracks. Numerical simulation method is applied to study the effect of cracks relative location, cracks depth and their hydraulic characteristics on slope deformation, failure and stability evolvement for actual cracked soil slope and cracked rock landslide. Finally, the preventive measures and their impacts of cracked slope are studied. The main contents are as follows： (1) To summarize the types of slope cracks and their distributing, and to present the testing and calculation methods of crack roughness, crack aperture and others features, which determine the mechanical properties and fluid flow characteristics of slope cracks. (2) To analyze the mechanical properties and fluid flow characteristics of cracks. The shear strength formula of the deep discontinuous cracks is modified and the modified model is presented based on Jennings Model. For cracks in the coupling characteristics of seepage and stress, the nonlinear deformation and permeability changes of slope cracks under complex loading conditions during slope evolvement are studied. (3) An actual cracked soil slope is modeled by FEM (Finite Element Method) to simulate its deformation and stability evolvement under natural condition and seeping. In the numerical simulation, the stress fields, strain fields, the potential deformation and the stability evolvement of the slope with different depths and different locations cracks are calculated and analyzed. (4) The FEM is applied to simulate the interaction of the different deep cracks and distorted zones at different position and to analyze the cracked rock slide damage. The natural condition, hydrostatic pressure and seeping with different permeability coefficients of flow are respectively taken into account to analyze the effects of the mechanical strength and the hydraulic characteristics of cracks on deformation and stability evolvement of the slope. (5) The analysis indicates that the cracks and the infiltrating groundwater endanger the slope seriously. So, corresponding preventive measures such as slope drainage, crack grouting and pre-stressed anchor are proposed to improve groundwater seepage field and stress field, to restrain the landslide deformation and to enhance the slope stability. The mechanisms and effectiveness of these measures are appraised.
语种	中文
学科主题	灾害学
公开日期	2010-10-13
分类号	TV6;TU7
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2173]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	丁瑜. 裂缝(隙)特性对边坡变形破坏的影响研究[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2009.

个性服务

查看访问统计

相关权益政策

暂无数据

收藏/分享

除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。