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题名	拦砂坝作用下的泥石流容重衰减特征及其对排导纵坡的影响
作者	周伟
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2011-05-21
授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
授予地点	北京
导师	陈宁生
其他题名	Research on Attenuation of Debris Flow Density Induced by Check Dam and Impacts on the gradient of diversion channel
学位专业	岩土工程
中文摘要	泥石流拦砂坝是泥石流防治工程常用的主要措施之一。拦砂坝能拦蓄泥沙、降低泥石流容重和流量。拦砂坝作用下的泥石流容重的衰减过程是泥石流防治工程的关键点。本文通过调查西部山区典型的泥石流拦砂坝，设计了常用的拦砂坝模型。以汶川地震灾区（都江堰市虹口乡深溪沟）的崩坡积土体作为实验土样，在野外开展了空库、半库和满库三种工况下的拦砂坝作用下的泥石流容重衰减实验，分析了泥石流容重衰减的成因，揭示了拦砂坝作用下的泥石流容重衰减过程。通过调查我国西南山区现有的排导工程的运行情况，统计分析排导纵坡与泥石流容重等系列参数的相互关系，研究泥石流容重对排导纵坡的影响，探讨了泥石流容重衰减值对排导纵坡的影响。本文取得的主要成果如下：（1）通过拦砂坝作用下的泥石流容重衰减实验，揭示了空库、半库和满库三种状态下的泥石流过坝过程模式。（2）研究了不同运行状态下的拦砂坝下游泥石流容重衰减幅度特征，得到了空库的容重衰减值最大，其次为半库，满库的容重衰减值最小。（3）建立了基于衰减系数(A)和容重衰减指数(B)的泥石流过坝容重衰减模型y =AxB，并给出不同库容状态下的A、B参数值。（4）揭示排导槽（东川槽和V型槽）的排导纵坡与泥石流容重的非线性相关性，其中低容重和高容重泥石流的天然排导纵坡低于中等容重的排导纵坡。
英文摘要	Check dams can store sediment, reduce the debris flow density and debris flow discharge, and have been the major measures which are widely used in debris flow prevention and control works. The attenuation process of debris flow density which is induced by check dam is one of the key points of debris flow control and prevention works. Based on the investigation of typical check dams in the mountainous area, West China, the author collected some basic parameters of check dams and debris flow gullies, which is benefit for the designation of the check dam model and its small gully. The author conducted the experiments on attenuation of debris flow density induced by check dam under the conditions that basin is empty, full by half and full in Shenxi Gully, Hongkou Town, Dujiangyan County, with the earthquake triggered gravel soil mass. The author focused on the process for the attenuation of debris flow density by check dam and the impacts on the attenuation of debris flow density. Based on the investigation of typical diversion channels in the mountainous area, West China, the author analyzed the relationship between debris flow density and its attenuation, and discussed the impacts of attenuation of debris flow density on the gradient of debris flow gully. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The processes of debris flow passing check dams are considered to be related with the state of check dams through the experiments on attenuation of debris flow density induced by check dam. (2) The characteristics of attenuation of debris flow density are discussed. The status with the largest attenuation of debris flow density is empty status. Then the next is full by half status. And the last is full status. (3) The attenuation model of debris flow density is suggested by y =AxB (A is the attenuation coefficient; B is attenuation index of debris flow density, and both are related with the status of check dams). (4) The relationships between the debris flow density and gradient of diversion channel are considered to be non-linear. The gradient of gully for the debris flow with low density and high density are smaller than the medium density. The debris flow density will reduce after passing the check dam, so the gradient of diversion channel should be changed according to actual conditions.
语种	中文
公开日期	2013-01-30
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/4859]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周伟. 拦砂坝作用下的泥石流容重衰减特征及其对排导纵坡的影响[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011.

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