DynamicRetriever: A Pre-trained Model-based IR System Without an Explicit Index | |
Yu-Jia Zhou2; Jing Yao2; Zhi-Cheng Dou2; Ledell Wu1; Ji-Rong Wen2 | |
刊名 | Machine Intelligence Research
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2023 | |
卷号 | 20期号:2页码:276-288 |
关键词 | Information retrieval (IR) document retrieval model-based IR pre-trained language model differentiable search index |
ISSN号 | 2731-538X |
DOI | 10.1007/s11633-022-1373-9 |
英文摘要 | Web search provides a promising way for people to obtain information and has been extensively studied. With the surge of deep learning and large-scale pre-training techniques, various neural information retrieval models are proposed, and they have demonstrated the power for improving search (especially, the ranking) quality. All these existing search methods follow a common paradigm, i.e., index-retrieve-rerank, where they first build an index of all documents based on document terms (i.e., sparse inverted index) or representation vectors (i.e., dense vector index), then retrieve and rerank retrieved documents based on the similarity between the query and documents via ranking models. In this paper, we explore a new paradigm of information retrieval without an explicit index but only with a pre-trained model. Instead, all of the knowledge of the documents is encoded into model parameters, which can be regarded as a differentiable indexer and optimized in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, we propose a pre-trained model-based information retrieval (IR) system called DynamicRetriever, which directly returns document identifiers for a given query. Under such a framework, we implement two variants to explore how to train the model from scratch and how to combine the advantages of dense retrieval models. Compared with existing search methods, the model-based IR system parameterizes the traditional static index with a pre-training model, which converts the document semantic mapping into a dynamic and updatable process. Extensive experiments conducted on the public search benchmark Microsoft machine reading comprehension (MS MARCO) verify the effectiveness and potential of our proposed new paradigm for information retrieval. |
内容类型 | 期刊论文 |
源URL | [http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/55980] ![]() |
专题 | 自动化研究所_学术期刊_International Journal of Automation and Computing |
作者单位 | 1.Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing 100084, China 2.Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Yu-Jia Zhou,Jing Yao,Zhi-Cheng Dou,et al. DynamicRetriever: A Pre-trained Model-based IR System Without an Explicit Index[J]. Machine Intelligence Research,2023,20(2):276-288. |
APA | Yu-Jia Zhou,Jing Yao,Zhi-Cheng Dou,Ledell Wu,&Ji-Rong Wen.(2023).DynamicRetriever: A Pre-trained Model-based IR System Without an Explicit Index.Machine Intelligence Research,20(2),276-288. |
MLA | Yu-Jia Zhou,et al."DynamicRetriever: A Pre-trained Model-based IR System Without an Explicit Index".Machine Intelligence Research 20.2(2023):276-288. |
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