Based on 2 minute cadence TESS data from sectors 1-50, we report the results of the systematic extraction of delta Scuti-type pulsations in the 6431 eclipsing binaries with orbital periods shorter than 13 days. A total number of 242 pulsators were found in those systems, including 143 new discoveries. We examined their pulsation properties based on the H-R diagram and the relationships between the dominant pulsation period P (dom), orbital period P (orb), and effective temperature T (eff). As a consequence, 216 targets are likely delta Scuti stars (123 new), 11 likely gamma Doradus-delta Scuti hybrid stars (8 new), 5 likely beta Cephei stars (4 new), 4 likely delta Scuti-gamma Doradus hybrid stars (3 new), 3 likely Maia stars (3 new), 2 likely pulsating red giants (1 new), and a new unclassified star. As for the six new delta Scuti pulsators in eclipsing binaries with P (orb) < 0.65 days, we found that three of them significantly exceed the upper limits of the P (dom)/P (orb) ratio. This may indicate that P (dom) and P (orb) are uncorrelated for them. Finally, we statistically analyzed the dominant pulsation periods of the 216 delta Scuti stars in eclipsing binaries. Those stars concentrate around 225 mu Hz and the proportion of stars in the high-frequency region is significantly higher than that of single stars, which could be ascribed to the mass-transfer process.