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题名	情节记忆提取过程的文化差异及其神经机制
作者	邵琦
答辩日期	2021-12
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
授予地点	中国科学院心理研究所
其他责任者	李娟
关键词	情节记忆 跨文化 熟悉性 回想 事件相关电位
学位名称	理学硕士
其他题名	The Cultural Difference in EDisodic Memory Retrieval and its Neural Mechanisms
学位专业	发展与教育心理学
中文摘要	There are significant differences in cognitive styles among different cultural groups. This is embodied in the fact that East Asians show a holistic cognitive processing style due to their collectivist culture, while Westerners show a feature-driven analytic processing style due to their individualistic culture. On the influence of culture on episodic memory, studies have found that westerners have advantages in the retrieval of specific information of item, while easterners tend to pay more attention to the context. However, whether there is a cultural difference in episodic memory retrieval, and the related cognitive neural mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the cognitive neural mechanism and cross一cultural differences of episodic memory retrieval using the item recognition and associative recognition paradigms and ERP technique. Thirty一five Chinese young subjects and twenty-one German young subjects were recruited for the experiment. The combined images of the item and background were used as stimuli. Task one investigated the item recognition task scores of the subjects in different cultures under the new and old context. Task two required participants to make recognition judgments of intact and recombined image pairs, to investigate the associative recognition performance of the two groups of subjects. The event-related potentials were recorded during memory retrieval. The old/new effects were used to investigate cross-cultural differences in electrophysiological mechanisms of episodic memory retrieval. The results showed that in the item recognition task, there was no significant cultural difference in behavioral scores between Chinese and German subjects. ERP results showed that both Chinese and German subjects showed significant frontal and parietal old/new effects under the old and new context. In the associative memory task, there was no significant cultural difference between Chinese subjects and German subjects in the behavioral performance of associative recognition. ERP results showed that correct recognitions of the intact pairs only evoked a significant frontal old/new effect among Chinese subjects and German subjects, suggesting was no significant cultural difference between Chinese and German subjects in associative memory retrieval. In conclusion, this study found that there was no significant cultural difference in episodic memory retrieval between Chinese and German young people. These results provide a reference for the future cross-cultural comparative study of episodic memory in the elderly.
英文摘要	不同文化群体的认知风格存在显著差异，具体体现在东亚人由于其集体主义文化而表现出整体化的认知加工风格，而西方人则由于其个体主义文化表现出特征驱动的分析型加工风格。关于文化对情节记忆的影响，研究发现西方人在提取项口(item)的特定信息上具有优势，东方人则更容易关注到背景信息(context)。然而，情节记忆提取过程是否具有文化差异，及其相关的认知神经机制尚不清楚。因此本研究使用项口再认和联结记忆范式以及ERP技术，考察情节记忆提取过程的认知神经机制及其跨文化差异。 实验分别招募中国青年被试35人和德国青年被试21人。使用项民背景组合图片作为刺激材料，任务一考察不同文化下的被试在新、旧背景下的项口再认成绩;任务二要求被试对原配对和重组配对图片进行再认判断，进而考察两组被试的联结再认记忆成绩。记录被试在记忆提取阶段的事件相关电位，采用新旧效应考察情节记忆提取过程的电生理机制的跨文化差异。 结果显示，在项口再认任务中，中国被试和德国被试的项口再认成绩没有显著的文化差异;ERP结果显示，中国被试和德国被试在旧背景及新背景下，均表现出显著的额区和顶区新旧效应，表明项口记忆提取过程不存在显著的文化差异。在联结记忆任务中，中国被试和德国被试联结再认成绩不存在文化差异;ERP结果显示，中国被试和德国被试正确再认的原配对图片均诱发了显著的额区新旧效应，表明联结记忆提取过程中不存在显著的文化差异。 综上所述，本研究发现，中国与德国青年人的情节记忆提取过程不存在显著的文化差异。上述结果为后续开展老年人的情节记忆跨文化比较研究提供了参考。
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41343]
专题	心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邵琦. 情节记忆提取过程的文化差异及其神经机制[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021.

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