Chemical nature and sources of fine particles in urban Beijing: Seasonality and formation mechanisms

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105732

	Chemical nature and sources of fine particles in urban Beijing: Seasonality and formation mechanisms
	Gu, Yifang 10,11,12; Huang, Ru-Jin 10,11; Li, Yongjie 13; Duan, Jing 10,11,12; Chen, Qi 1; Hu, Weiwei 2,3; Zheng, Yan 1; Lin, Chunshui 10,11; Ni, Haiyan 10,11; Dai, Wenting 10,11
刊名	ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
	2020-07-01
卷号	140 页码:12
关键词	Haze pollution Fine particles Secondary formation Sources
ISSN号	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2020.105732
通讯作者	Huang, Ru-Jin(rujin.huang@ieecas.cn) ; Chen, Qi(qichenpku@pku.edu.cn)
英文摘要	To mitigate air pollution in China, a legislative 'Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan' has been implemented by the Chinese government since 2013. There is, however, a lack of investigations for long-term trends in the composition, sources and evolution processes of PM1 (particulate matter with diameter less than 1 mu m) after the implementation. To evaluate the effectiveness of these control measures, we present a year-long real-time measurement of the chemical composition of PM1 at an urban site in Beijing from November 2014 to November 2015, and the results are compared with previous studies from 2008 to 2013 to gain insights into the variations of the chemical composition and sources of PM1 in Beijing. Large seasonal differences were observed in the mass concentrations of PM1 species and general declining trend was observed in the last seven years. Specifically, the annual averages of mass concentrations in 2014-2015 decrease by 16-43% (PM1), 23-43% (organic aerosol, OA), 38-68% (sulfate), 26-51% (nitrate), 18-33% (ammonium) and 27-38% (chloride) compared to those from 2008 to 2013. During winter and summer, the seasonal mass concentrations of sulfate and nitrate show more significant declines especially in summer 2008 (79% and 81%) and summer 2011 (76% and 77%). The nitrate-to-sulfate ratio is higher in 2014-2015 (1.5 +/- 0.6) than that in 2013 (1.0 +/- 0.3), largely due to significant reduction in SO2 emissions, suggesting that nitrate is becoming more important than sulfate in particulate pollution in Beijing. OA is the dominant PM1 fraction (>45%) in all seasons and the mass concentrations/contributions of both primary and secondary OA show different seasonality. As for the more oxidized oxygenated OA (MO-OOA) and less oxidized oxygenated OA (LO-OOA), the contributions of MO-OOA are much higher than those of LO-OOA (27-62% vs. 6-26%) in both high-pollution and low-pollution days. Aqueous-phase processes are found to facilitate the formation of MO-OOA while photochemical oxidation formation is a major contributor of LO-OOA in winter, and photochemical oxidation plays a major role in the formation of MO-OOA in summer and fall. The current study provides a comprehensive seasonal comparison of chemical composition and formation of PM1 in Beijing and a pacesetter in tackling PM pollution for other equally polluted megacities, after implementation of more stringent control measures after 2013.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41925015] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[91644219] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)[41877408] ; Chinese Academy of Sciences[ZDBS-LY-DQC001] ; Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB40030202] ; Cross Innovative Team fund from the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG)[SKLLQGTD1801] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2017YFC0212701] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41675120] ; Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau SAR[016/2017/A1] ; University of Macau[MYRG2018-00006-FST]
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
出版者	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000544883300003
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.138/handle/2HOD01W0/11401]
专题	中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院
通讯作者	Huang, Ru-Jin; Chen, Qi
作者单位	1.Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, Guangdong Key Lab Environm Protect & Resources Ut, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China 4.Beijing Weather Modificat Off, Beijing 100089, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Chongqing Inst Green & Intelligent Technol, Chongqing 400714, Peoples R China 6.Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol China, CAS Key Lab Biomed Effects Nanomat & Nanosafety, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China 7.Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Ryan Inst, Univ Rd, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland 8.Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol China, Beijing Key Lab Ambient Particles Hlth Effects &, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China 9.Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Climate & Air Pollut Studies, Ryan Inst, Univ Rd, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland 10.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Quaternary Sci & Global Change, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gu, Yifang,Huang, Ru-Jin,Li, Yongjie,et al. Chemical nature and sources of fine particles in urban Beijing: Seasonality and formation mechanisms[J]. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL,2020,140:12.
APA	Gu, Yifang.,Huang, Ru-Jin.,Li, Yongjie.,Duan, Jing.,Chen, Qi.,...&O'Dowd, Colin.(2020).Chemical nature and sources of fine particles in urban Beijing: Seasonality and formation mechanisms.ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL,140,12.
MLA	Gu, Yifang,et al."Chemical nature and sources of fine particles in urban Beijing: Seasonality and formation mechanisms".ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 140(2020):12.