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题名	石蜡基相变储热微胶囊的制备与性能研究
作者	徐哲
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2012-05-19
授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
导师	李建强
关键词	相变材料 微胶囊 液体石蜡 固体石蜡 储热
其他题名	Preparation and Properties of Microencapsulated Paraffin for Low-temperature Latent Heat Storage
学位专业	材料学
中文摘要	随着能源问题的日益突出，相变储能技术受到越来越多的关注。相变储能材料利用相变物质潜热的释放和吸收以解决能量供求在时间和空间上不匹配的基本矛盾，可大大提高能源利用效率，但是封装问题一直没有很好解决，制约其规模化应用。本文采用原位聚合法制备以石蜡为囊芯，密胺树脂为囊壁的相变材料微胶囊来解决封装问题，建立适合多体系石蜡的微胶囊制备工艺，获得成本低、工艺简、性能优的低温相变微胶囊材料，以实现其在储热调温领域的规模化应用。液体石蜡微胶囊用于系统讨论各因素对微胶囊制备的影响，得出石蜡微胶囊优化制备工艺，主要包括：温度70℃、转速3000 r/min、时间40 min、乳化剂用量2.1 %的乳化条件，预聚体浓度10 %、滴加速度0.8 ml/min、反应20 min的预聚条件，三聚氰胺用量2.9 %，反应2.0 h的微胶囊化反应条件。采用优化工艺制备的液体石蜡微胶囊包覆完整，具备典型核壳结构，颗粒清晰无粘连，表面光洁致密，囊芯含量76 %，囊壁厚度至少可达50~100 nm，平均粒径3 μm，主要在1~5 μm集中分布。微胶囊有两个吸热峰，相变起始温度分别为4℃和29℃，总相变焓14.9 J/g，可耐受215℃，经300次相变循环仍保持稳定，有良好的抗压性能和抗渗透性，适合低热量要求的调温领域。利用优化工艺制备的固体石蜡微胶囊包覆完好，颗粒清晰无粘连，粒径主要集中在7~33 μm，主峰相变温度59℃，相变潜热107.2 J/g，耐热温度达233℃，适合高热量要求的储热领域。
英文摘要	To prepare the phase change materials for efficient low-temperature latent heat storage, microcapsules with commercial paraffin were synthesized by using in-situ polymerization process. Liquid paraffin was used first as core materials since it facilitates the direct observation of containment by the shell of melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF resin), and examine easily the optimal synthesizing condition. The effects of emulsion formulations, pre-polymerization conditions, shell material content and reaction time on the quality of microcapsules were investigated. The experimental investigations show that the optimal process of synthesizing liquid paraffin microcapsules is adoptable to that of both liquid and solid paraffin microcapsules. The as-prepared liquid paraffin products under the optimal condition show high quality, whose surface was smooth and dense, and be free of any adhesion. The experimental characterization shows that in the microcapsules over 75 wt% liquid paraffin was well encapsulated by MF resin. The microcapsule size was within the range of 1~5 μm and most intense distribution at 3 μm. DSC measurements gave two endothermic peaks with initial phase change temperature at 4℃ and 28℃ respectively, and the total enthalpy was 14.9 J/g which is suitable for temperature maintenance. The microcapsules keep stable up to a high temperature 215℃ or a pressure of 1.0 MPa, as well as excellent thermal resistance against long-term thermal aging and thermal cycle near 300 times. The as-prepared solid paraffin microcapsules show high quality. The microcapsules surface was smooth and dense, and be free of any adhesion. The measurements show that in the microcapsules solid paraffin was well encapsulated by MF resin. The microcapsule size was within the range of 7~33 μm and most intense distribution at 23 μm. DSC measurements gave two endothermic peaks with initial phase change temperature at 35℃ and 50℃ respectively, and the total enthalpy was above 134.0 J/g. The microcapsules keep stable up to a high temperature over 233℃, and it is totally capable of developing its role in thermal energy storage.
语种	中文
公开日期	2013-09-25
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1861]
专题	过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	徐哲. 石蜡基相变储热微胶囊的制备与性能研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 2012.

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