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题名	低成本农用高吸水树脂的研制
作者	王立勇
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2004
授予单位	中国科学院过程工程研究所
授予地点	中国科学院过程工程研究所
导师	任天瑞
关键词	高吸水树脂 马来酸配 制备 溶胀行为
其他题名	Preparation of the Low Cost-effective Superabsorbent Resin for Agriculture
中文摘要	目前，高吸水树脂在许多领域（药物缓释、卫生用品、农业和园林等）有着 广泛的应用。在学术研究和工业生产领域，人们对它有着浓厚的兴趣。但由于高 吸水树脂的生产工艺较为复杂、生产成本又居高不下，限制了它在农业应用方面 的推广。因此，降低生产成本是农用高吸水树脂的瓶颈所在。基于此点做了一些 探索性的工作。首先，研究了丙烯酸／丙烯酞胺高吸水树脂的生产工艺。该树脂采用丙烯酞 胺和丙烯酸为原料，过硫酸钱为引发剂，N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酞胺和甘油为交联剂， 通过水溶液共聚的方法制得。并研究了单体浓度、引发剂浓度、交联剂浓度、丙 烯酸中和程度和保温聚合温度等合成因素对产品吸水性能的影响。通过正交优化 实验得到最佳反应条件：丙烯酸的中和度为75％，丙烯酞胺用量为丙烯酸的1／10， 过硫酸钱为单体总量的1.5‰，N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酞胺为单体总量的0.1‰，甘油 用量为单体总量的1‰。在此条件下得到的高吸水树脂吸去离子水10869／g，吸 0.9％的NaCl水溶液96g／g。其次，开发成功了马来酸配类高吸水树脂（已通过专利查新），这是一种新 型的高吸水树脂，相比通常的丙烯酸／丙烯酞胺类高吸水树脂，该树脂的原料成 本大大下降。它以为过硫酸按为引发剂，N，N一亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和甘油为交联剂， 通过水溶液聚合的方法制得。并研究了引发剂用量、交联剂用量、马来酸配用量 和马来酸配的氨化程度等合成因素对高吸水树脂的吸水能力的影响。通过正交实 验得到了最佳的反应条件：丙烯酸中和度为75％，丙烯酸（mol）：马来酸配（mol） ＝10：1，马来酸醉（mol）：NH3·H2O（mol）＝1:1，过硫酸钱用量为单体总量 2％。，N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酞胺用量为单体总量的0.5‰，甘油用量为单体总量的 0.5‰。在以上条件下，制得的高吸水树脂吸去离子水1689g／g，0.9％的NaCl溶 液1159／90最后，研究了高吸水树脂在电解质溶液中的溶胀行为，讨论了不同价态的阳 离子和阴离子溶液对高吸水树脂溶胀能力的影响，并进一步研究了相同价态的阳 离子和阴离子的不同电解质溶液对树脂溶胀能力的影响。
英文摘要	Superabsorbent Resin (SAR) can be widely used in areas such as drug delivery, baby diapers, absorbent pads, agriculture and horticulture etc. So, much attention has been paid to SAR in both academic applications and industrial research. However, it has not been used widely in agriculture for its intricate preparation and high cost. Obviously, reducing cost of SAR is the key problem to its widespread application. This is also the target of this work. It can be described from the three following aspects. First, a series of SARs based on monomer acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA) and its salt we re prepared by solution copolymerization using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and glycerol as crosslinking agents. The influence of factors on the swelling properties of SAR were studied, such as monomer content, initiator concentration, crosslinking agents concentration and neutralization degree. In addition, the effect of polymerization system temperature on the absorption capacity of the absorbent was also investigated. The best results can be obtained under the following polymerization conditions. When the AA neutralization degree was 75%, AA (mol): AM (mol)= 10:1, APS= 1.596o, MBA= 0.1%o, glycerol =l%o and keeping-temperature was 80°C, the absorbability for distilled water and 0.9% NaCl solution was 1086 g/g and 96 g/g, respectively. Second, A new kind of SAR based on maleic acid (MA) and AA has been prepared through our efforts. AM replaced by MA in this SAR can reduce cost greatly. It was prepared by copolymerization using ammonium APS as initiator, MBA and glycerol as crosslinking agents. In order to improve quality of SAR, parameters such as cross-linker concentration, initiator concentration, MA concentration and degree of MA's ammoniation were studied. From the results of orthogonal experiment, we can obtain the following optimistic polymerization conditions, AA utranelization degree being 75%, AA (mol): AM (mol)= 10:1, MA (mol): NH3.H2O (mol)= 1:1 APS =2%, MBA =0.5%o and glycerol= 0.5%0, So that the absorbability for distilled water and 0.9%NaCl solution was 1689 g/g and 115 g/g , respectively. Finally, the influence of different solutions on the swelling properties of SAR was studied. We also discussed cation solution of different valence, anion solution of different valence, which exert influence on the swelling properties of SAR. Additionally, the effect of different cation solutions of same valence, different anion solutions of same valence on the absorption capacity of SAR were also investigated.
语种	中文
公开日期	2013-09-16
页码	82
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1426]
专题	过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王立勇. 低成本农用高吸水树脂的研制[D]. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2004.

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