离子液体电沉积铝的研究

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题名	离子液体电沉积铝的研究
作者	马江华
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2007-06-11
授予单位	中国科学院过程工程研究所
授予地点	过程工程研究所
导师	李会泉
关键词	离子液体氧化铝电沉积 [EMIM]HSO4 低温电解质
其他题名	Research on aluminum deposition in ionic liquids
学位专业	化学工艺
中文摘要	铝是最重要的有色金属，电解铝工业是世界上最大的电化学工业。现代铝工业主要采用Hall-Héroult法从氧化铝生产金属铝，即冰晶石-氧化铝电解法。该方法经过100多年的发展已经相当成熟，但冰晶石-氧化铝电解法存在电解温度高，能耗巨大，污染严重等问题，迫切需要研发电解温度更为温和、能源利用效率更高的新工艺技术。开发低温的电解铝新介质是现代电解铝工业节能降耗技术发展的重要方向。采用低温电解质电解铝能够有效地降低电解温度，大幅度降低能量输入并改善工业生产环境。开发低温铝电解质的关键在于寻找一种电解质能够在较低温度下有效地溶解氧化铝或其他铝盐，并且在低温下能够高效地使铝从体系中电解并分离出去。离子液体是一种新型的低温电解质，本文筛选了适宜分子结构的离子液体作为电解铝的低温电解质，对离子液体的设计、合成、性质及电解过程进行了研究，主要内容如下： (1) 合成了阴离子为HSO4-，CH3COO-，AlCl3型离子液体，采用FT-IR、Roman、NMR、TG、DSC等手段对所合成的[EMIM]HSO4及[BMIM]CH3COO型离子液体产物进行了分析和表征，FT-IR、NMR等谱图分析表明，所合成产物是目标离子液体。 (2) 测定了所合成的[EMIM]HSO4离子液体的物化性质，分析了不同阴阳离子对离子液体物化性质的影响规律；测定了不同氧化物在[EMIM]HSO4离子液体中的溶解度数据，室温下氧化铝在[EMIM]HSO4离子液体中溶解度为3.81g/L，远高于文献报道值。 (3)系统地分析了AlCl3-[BMIM]Cl，Al(OH)(CH3COO)2•2H2O-[BMIM]CH3COO、[EMIM]HSO4-Al2O3等不同铝源离子液体体系的电沉积过程，证明采用所合成的离子液体作为低温电解质可能电沉积得到金属铝。
英文摘要	Aluminum is the most important nonferrous metal, and now the production of Aluminum is the world’s largest electrochemistry industry. Nowadays the technique named Hall-Héroult is widely used for the production of Aluminum from alumina. Although this way has been developed for more than 100 years, has many disadvantages such as the high temperature for smelting Aluminum, the big consumption of energy and the serious pollution to the environment. In order to settle these problems, it is urgent for us to develop a new technique which can provide us mild operation condition and high efficiency of utilization of the energy. The new method using new media as low temperature electrolyte attract so many attentions from the modern Aluminum industry. This new method can effectively decrease the electrolytic temperature so that the input of energy and the bad effect to the circumstance will be sharply diminished. The key point to this new method is how to choose a new electrolyte which should have good solubility for alumina at low temperature; at the same time aluminum should be electrolyzed and separated form this system easily. Ionic liquids are known as newly developing low temperature electrolyte. In this paper, we choose the proper ionic liquids as the low temperature electrolyte; we carry out some research in the design, synthesization, properties of ionic liquids and its application in the electrolysis. The main research contents are as follows: (1) Some ionic liquids were synthesized and then characterized by using FT-IR, Roman, NMR and TG-DTG-DTA-DSC measurement, it has been illustrated that the obtained ionic liquids are what we need. (2) Some physical properties concerned in electrolysis, such as density, surface tension, electrical conductivity and viscosity were investigated. We also discuss the role of different anions and cations which have great influence on the property of ionic liquids. We measured the solubility of a series of metal oxides in [EMIM]HSO4. The solubility of alumina in [EMIM]HSO4 is 3.81 g/L at room temperature. As far as we know, this value is bigger than what had been reported in the literature. (3)The electrochemical deposition process of AlCl3-[BMIM]Cl, [EMIM]HSO4-Al2O3, Al(OH)(CH3COO)2•2H2O-[BMIM]CH3COO were analyzed, and it has been demonstrated that it is possible using ionic liquids as low temperature electrolyte.
语种	中文
公开日期	2013-09-13
页码	67
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1136]
专题	过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	马江华. 离子液体电沉积铝的研究[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2007.