Towards theory integration: Threshold model as a link between signal detection theory, fast-and-frugal trees and evidence accumulation theory | |
Iztok Hozo PhD5; Benjamin Djulbegovic MD PhD1,2,3; Shenghua Luan PhD1; Athanasios Tsalatsanis PhD4; Gerd Gigerenzer PhD1 | |
刊名 | JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
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2017 | |
卷号 | 23期号:1页码:49-65 |
ISSN号 | 1356-1294 |
DOI | 10.1111/jep.12490 |
文献子类 | article |
英文摘要 | Rationale, aims and objectivesTheories of decision making are divided between those aiming to help decision makers in the real, large' world and those who study decisions in idealized small' world settings. For the most part, these large- and small-world decision theories remain disconnected. MethodsWe linked the small-world decision theoretic concepts of signal detection theory (SDT) and evidence accumulation theory (EAT) to the threshold model and the large world of heuristic decision making that rely on fast-and-frugal decision trees (FFT). ResultsWe connected these large- and small-world theories by demonstrating that seemingly different decision-making concepts are actually equivalent. In doing so, we were able (1) to link the threshold model to EAT and FFT, thereby creating decision criteria that take into account both the classification accuracy of FFT and the consequences built in the threshold model; (2) to demonstrate how threshold criteria can be used as a strategy for optimal selection of cues when constructing FFT; and (3) to show that the compensatory strategy expressed in the threshold model can be linked to a non-compensatory FFT approach to decision making. We also showed how construction and performance of FFT depend on having reliable information - the results were highly sensitive to the estimates of benefits and harms of health interventions. We illustrate the practical usefulness of our analysis by describing an FFT we developed for prescribing statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. ConclusionsBy linking SDT and EAT to the compensatory threshold model and to non-compensatory heuristic decision making (FFT), we showed how these two decision strategies are ultimately linked within a broader theoretical framework and thereby respond to calls for integrating decision theory paradigms. |
内容类型 | 期刊论文 |
源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/32050] ![]() |
专题 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
作者单位 | 1.Professor, 6Researcher, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany 2.Professor of Oncology, Departments of Hematology and Health Outcome Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA 4Director of Medical 3.Professor of Oncology, Departments of Hematology and Health Outcome Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA 4.Associate Professor, USF Health Program for Comparative Effectiveness Research, Division for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA 5.Professor, Department of Mathematics, Indiana University, Gary, IN, USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Iztok Hozo PhD,Benjamin Djulbegovic MD PhD,Shenghua Luan PhD,et al. Towards theory integration: Threshold model as a link between signal detection theory, fast-and-frugal trees and evidence accumulation theory[J]. JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE,2017,23(1):49-65. |
APA | Iztok Hozo PhD,Benjamin Djulbegovic MD PhD,Shenghua Luan PhD,Athanasios Tsalatsanis PhD,&Gerd Gigerenzer PhD.(2017).Towards theory integration: Threshold model as a link between signal detection theory, fast-and-frugal trees and evidence accumulation theory.JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE,23(1),49-65. |
MLA | Iztok Hozo PhD,et al."Towards theory integration: Threshold model as a link between signal detection theory, fast-and-frugal trees and evidence accumulation theory".JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 23.1(2017):49-65. |
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