Cultural Landmarks and Urban Landscapes in Three Contrasting Societies

doi:10.3390/su13084295

	Cultural Landmarks and Urban Landscapes in Three Contrasting Societies
	Chen, Jiquan 8; Park, Hogeun 7; Fan, Peilei 5,6; Tian, Li 4; Ouyang, Zutao 3; Lafortezza, Raffaele 1,2
刊名	SUSTAINABILITY
	2021-04-01
卷号	13 期号:8 页码:18
关键词	heritage landmarks landscape cultural influences urban planning
DOI	10.3390/su13084295
通讯作者	Chen, Jiquan(jqchen@msu.edu)
英文摘要	Cultural heritage sites and landscapes are intuitively connected in urban systems. Based on available databases of cultural landmarks, we selected three pairs of cities that are currently dominated by three contrasting religions (Catholic, Buddhist and emerging culture) to compare the long-term changes in cultural landmarks, to quantify their spatial distribution in the current landscape, and to examine the potential influences these landmarks have on landscapes. The landmark database and landscapes were constructed from archived maps, satellite imagery and the UNESCO heritage sites for Barcelona, Bari, Beijing, Vientiane, Shenzhen, and Ulaanbaatar. Roads in Asian cities are mostly constructed in alignment with the four cardinal directions, forming a checkerboard-type landscape, whereas Bari and Barcelona in Europe have examples of roads radiating from major cultural landmarks. We found clear differences in the number of landmarks and surrounding landscape in these cities, supporting our hypothesis that current urban landscapes have been influenced similarly by cultural landmarks, although substantial differences exist among cities. Negative relationships between the number of cultural landmarks and major cover types were found, except with agricultural lands. Clearly, cultural landmarks need to be treated as "natural features" and considered as reference points in urban planning. Major efforts are needed to construct a global database before an overarching conclusion can be made for global cities.
资助项目	LCLUC Program of NASA[80NSSC20K0410-JC] ; LCLUC Program of NASA[NNX15AD51G-PF] ; LCLUC Program of NASA[80NSSC20K0740-PF]
WOS关键词	MONGOLIAN PLATEAU ; URBANIZATION ; ENVIRONMENT ; EVOLUTION ; DYNAMICS ; SPRAWL
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
出版者	MDPI
WOS记录号	WOS:000645349100001
资助机构	LCLUC Program of NASA
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/162571]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Chen, Jiquan
作者单位	1.Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, I-70126 Bari, Italy 2.Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog, Hong Kong, Peoples R China 3.Stanford Univ, Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China 5.Michigan State Univ, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA 6.Michigan State Univ, Sch Planning Design & Construct, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA 7.World Bank, 1818 H St NW, Washington, DC 20433 USA 8.Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog Environm & Spatial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Chen, Jiquan,Park, Hogeun,Fan, Peilei,et al. Cultural Landmarks and Urban Landscapes in Three Contrasting Societies[J]. SUSTAINABILITY,2021,13(8):18.
APA	Chen, Jiquan,Park, Hogeun,Fan, Peilei,Tian, Li,Ouyang, Zutao,&Lafortezza, Raffaele.(2021).Cultural Landmarks and Urban Landscapes in Three Contrasting Societies.SUSTAINABILITY,13(8),18.
MLA	Chen, Jiquan,et al."Cultural Landmarks and Urban Landscapes in Three Contrasting Societies".SUSTAINABILITY 13.8(2021):18.