The changing PM2.5 dynamics of global megacities based on long-term remotely sensed observations

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105862

	The changing PM2.5 dynamics of global megacities based on long-term remotely sensed observations
	Zhang, Lili 1,4; Wilson, John P.1,3; MacDonald, Beau 1; Zhang, Wenhao 2; Yu, Tao 4
刊名	ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
	2020-09-01
卷号	142 页码:14
关键词	Megacities Gridded population counts Remotely sensed PM2.5 concentrations Pollution burden
ISSN号	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2020.105862
通讯作者	Zhang, Lili(zhangll@lreis.ac.cn)
英文摘要	Satellite observations show that the rapid urbanization and emergence of megacities with 10 million or more residents have raised PM2.5 concentrations across the globe during the past few decades. This study examines PM2.5 dynamics for the 33 cities included on the UN list of megacities published in 2018. These megacities were classified into densely (> 1500 residents per km(2)), moderately (300-1500 residents per km(2)) and sparsely (< 300 residents per km(2)) populated areas to examine the effect of human population density on PM2.5 concentrations in these areas during the period 1998-2016. We found that: (1) the higher population density areas experienced higher PM2.5 concentrations; and (2) the megacities with high PM2.5 concentrations in these areas had higher concentrations than those in the moderately and sparsely populated areas of other megacities as well. The numbers of residents experiencing poor air quality is substantial: approximately 452 and 163 million experienced average annual PM2.5 levels exceeding 10 and 35 mu g/m(3), respectively in 2016. We also examined PM2.5 trends during the past 18 years and predict that high PM2.5 levels will likely continue in many of these megacities in the future without substantial changes in their economies and/or pollution abatement practices. There will be more megacities in the highest PM2.5 pollution class and the number of megacities in the lowest PM2.5 pollution class will likely not change. Finally, we analyzed how the PM2.5 pollution burden varies geographically and ranked the 33 megacities in terms of PM2.5 pollution in 2016. The most polluted regions are China, India, and South Asia and the least polluted regions are Europe and Japan. None of the 33 megacities currently fall in the WHO's PM2.5 attainment class (< 10 mu g/m(3)) while 9 megacities fall into the PM2.5 non-attainment class (> 35 mu g/m(3)). In 2016, the least polluted megacity was New York and most polluted megacity was Delhi whose average annual PM2.5 concentration of 110 mu g/m(3) is nearly three times the WHO's non-attainment threshold.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[41907192] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41801255] ; Civil Aerospace Pre-research Project[D040102] ; China Scholarship Council and Spatial Science Institute in the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences at the University of Southern California
WOS关键词	AIR-POLLUTION CONTROL ; PM2.5-INDUCED PREMATURE MORTALITY ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; HEALTH-BENEFITS ; SOUTHEAST-ASIA ; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT ; SEASONAL-VARIATION ; SPATIAL-PATTERNS ; CONTROL POLICIES ; FINE PARTICLES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
出版者	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000603599200010
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Civil Aerospace Pre-research Project ; China Scholarship Council and Spatial Science Institute in the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences at the University of Southern California
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/137649]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Zhang, Lili
作者单位	1.Univ Southern Calif, Spatial Sci Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA 2.North China Inst Aerosp Engn, Langfang 065000, Hebei, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Aerosp Informat Res Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhang, Lili,Wilson, John P.,MacDonald, Beau,et al. The changing PM2.5 dynamics of global megacities based on long-term remotely sensed observations[J]. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL,2020,142:14.
APA	Zhang, Lili,Wilson, John P.,MacDonald, Beau,Zhang, Wenhao,&Yu, Tao.(2020).The changing PM2.5 dynamics of global megacities based on long-term remotely sensed observations.ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL,142,14.
MLA	Zhang, Lili,et al."The changing PM2.5 dynamics of global megacities based on long-term remotely sensed observations".ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 142(2020):14.