Efficiency and sustainability of inter-provincial crop-related virtual water transfers in China

doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103560

	Efficiency and sustainability of inter-provincial crop-related virtual water transfers in China
	Gao, Jie 1,2,4; Zhuo, La 3,4,5; Liu, Yilin 1,4; Xie, Pengxuan 1,4; Wang, Wei 1,4; Li, Meng 1,4; Gao, Xuerui 3,4,5; Wu, Pute 2,3,5
刊名	ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
	2020-04-01
卷号	138 页码:11
关键词	Water footprint Virtual water flow Sustainability Efficiency Trade-off
ISSN号	0309-1708
DOI	10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103560
通讯作者	Zhuo, La(zhuola@nwafu.edu.cn) ; Wu, Pute(gjzwpt@vip.sina.com)
英文摘要	The phenomenon of virtual water flows (VWFs) reveals the remote pressure on local water resources on one hand, and provides the possibility of global water saving if VWFs from water-rich places of higher water use efficiencies to water-poor or lower water use efficiencies regions on the other hand. A VWF is marked as efficient when at least half of the water footprint (WF) in producing the traded products is below the corresponding WF benchmark. Whereas the VWF is marked as sustainable when flowing from the places where the water consumption did not exceed local sustainable renewable water availability. However, most attention has been taken to the sustainability of VWFs, ignoring their efficiency and spatial-temporal variations. Here we, taking inter-provincial crop-related VWFs of twenty major crops in the mainland China over 2004-2013 as a study case, analysing the efficiency of VWFs and the sustainability of blue VWFs, as well as their mutual relationship. Results show that over the study period, although inter-provincial crop-related VWFs increased slightly by 2%, the North to South VWFs and blue VWFs increased by 41% and 2.5 times, respectively. The weight of inefficient inter-provincial VWFs reduced to 75% in 2013 from 94% in 2004, whereas the unsustainable blue VWFs increased by 8%. Trade-offs between the efficiency and sustainability of VWFs existed in five provinces. Wheat, rice, maize, and cotton were the main contributors to inefficient and unsustainable VWFs. Assessments in VWFs should account for local water resources conditions, considering both efficiency and sustainability to determine hotspots and critical products and allow appropriate management of crop production and water allocation.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[51809215] ; Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation Grants[2018JQ4020] ; Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholars in Shaanxi province[2017034] ; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[2452017181]
WOS关键词	FOOTPRINT ; TRADE ; FLOWS ; FOOD ; SCARCITY ; SECURITY ; CONSUMPTION ; RESOURCES ; GREEN ; BLUE
WOS研究方向	Water Resources
语种	英语
出版者	ELSEVIER SCI LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000526788500003
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation Grants ; Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholars in Shaanxi province ; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/134072]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Zhuo, La; Wu, Pute
作者单位	1.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Water Resources & Architectural Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 2.Northwest A&F Univ, Key Lab Agr Soil & Water Engn Arid Area, Minist Educ, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci & Minist Water Resources, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 4.Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Water Saving Agr Arid Reg China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 5.Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gao, Jie,Zhuo, La,Liu, Yilin,et al. Efficiency and sustainability of inter-provincial crop-related virtual water transfers in China[J]. ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES,2020,138:11.
APA	Gao, Jie.,Zhuo, La.,Liu, Yilin.,Xie, Pengxuan.,Wang, Wei.,...&Wu, Pute.(2020).Efficiency and sustainability of inter-provincial crop-related virtual water transfers in China.ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES,138,11.
MLA	Gao, Jie,et al."Efficiency and sustainability of inter-provincial crop-related virtual water transfers in China".ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES 138(2020):11.