Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA

CORC > 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > Journal of Mountain Science > Journal of Mountain Science-2008 > Vol5 No.4

	Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA
	Wilkerson, Forrest D. ; Schmid, Ginger L.
刊名	JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
	2008-12
卷号	5 期号:4 页码:318–326
关键词	Debris flows remote sensing GIS Glacier National Park USA
ISSN号	1672-6316
通讯作者	Wilkerson, FD
英文摘要	The spectacular scenery of Glacier National Park is the result of glacial erosion as well as post-glacial mass wasting processes. Debris flow magnitude and frequency have been established through extensive fieldwork across seven separate drainage basins in the eastern portion of the park. This paper summarizes the investigation of the hypotheses that debris flow distribution in the Glacier National Park, east of the Continental Divide is (a) not random; and (b) concentrated adjacent to the Continental Divide. The location of 2317 debris flows were identified and mapped from sixty-three 1-m resolution Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles and their spatial distribution was then analyzed using ArcView Spatial Analyst GIS software. The GIS analysis showed that the debris flows are not randomly distributed nor are they concentrated directly adjacent to the Divide. While the Continental Divide provides orographic enhancement of precipitation directly adjacent to the Divide, the debris flows are not concentrated there due to a lack of available weathered regolith. The most recent Little Ice Age glaciation removed the debris directly adjacent to the Divide, and without an adequate debris supply, these steep slopes experience few debris flows. Both abundant water and an adequate debris supply are necessary to initiate slope failure, resulting in a clustering of debris flows at the break in slope where valley walls contact talus slopes. A variety of summer storm and antecedent moisture conditions initiate slope failures in the Glacier National Park, with no distinct meteorological threshold. With over two million visitors every year, and millions of dollars of park infrastructure at risk, identifying the hazard of debris flows is essential to future park management plans.
语种	英语
公开日期	2013-08-14
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/6062]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_Journal of Mountain Science _Journal of Mountain Science-2008_Vol5 No.4
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wilkerson, Forrest D.,Schmid, Ginger L.. Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA[J]. JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE,2008,5(4):318–326.
APA	Wilkerson, Forrest D.,&Schmid, Ginger L..(2008).Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA.JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE,5(4),318–326.
MLA	Wilkerson, Forrest D.,et al."Distribution of debris flows in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA".JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE 5.4(2008):318–326.