Flowers of Cypripedium fargesii (Orchidaceae) fool flat-footed flies (Platypezidae) by faking fungus-infected foliage

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	Flowers of Cypripedium fargesii (Orchidaceae) fool flat-footed flies (Platypezidae) by faking fungus-infected foliage
	Ren, Zong-Xin 1,2,3; Li, De-Zhu1,2 ; Bernhardt, Peter 4; Wang, Hong1,2
刊名	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
	2011-05-03
卷号	108 期号:18 页码:7478-7480
关键词	deceptive pollination mimicry
英文摘要	Charles Darwin was fascinated by the orchid-pollinator interactions, but he did not realize that many orchid species are pollinated by deceit. Cypripedium, a model lineage of nonrewarding orchid flowers, is pollinated primarily by bees. Here we present both an example of floral mimesis of fungus-infected foliage in orchids and an example of flat-footed flies (Agathomyia sp.; Platypezidae) as pollen vectors for angiosperms. Cypripedium fargesii is a nectarless, terrestrial, endangered orchid from southwestern China that requires cross-pollination to produce the maximum number of viable embryos. All insects caught entering or leaving the labellum sac were Agathomyia sp. carrying conidia of Cladosporium sp. on their mouthparts and legs, suggesting mycophagy. Blackish hairy spots on the upper surface of foliage may imitate black mold spots, serving as short-term visual lures. Some odor molecules also associated with Cladosporium cultures were isolated in the floral scent. Mimesis of fungus-infected foliage probably represents an overlooked but important option in angiosperm diversification, because there are three to five more Cypripedium spp. in southwestern China with the same mode of floral presentation and black-spotted hairy leaves.
学科主题	Multidisciplinary Sciences
类目[WOS]	Multidisciplinary Sciences
研究领域[WOS]	Science & Technology - Other Topics
关键词[WOS]	MIMICKING FUNGI ; POLLINATORS ; EVOLUTIONARY ; DIVERSITY ; SLIPPER
收录类别	SCI
资助信息	National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2007CB-411600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30670160]
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000290203100043
公开日期	2012-06-12
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/11265]
专题	昆明植物研究所_中国西南野生生物种质资源库
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Germplasm Bank Wild Species, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Germplasm Bank Wild Species, Plant Germplasm & Genom Ctr, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 4.St Louis Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ren, Zong-Xin,Li, De-Zhu,Bernhardt, Peter,et al. Flowers of Cypripedium fargesii (Orchidaceae) fool flat-footed flies (Platypezidae) by faking fungus-infected foliage[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,2011,108(18):7478-7480.
APA	Ren, Zong-Xin,Li, De-Zhu,Bernhardt, Peter,&Wang, Hong.(2011).Flowers of Cypripedium fargesii (Orchidaceae) fool flat-footed flies (Platypezidae) by faking fungus-infected foliage.PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,108(18),7478-7480.
MLA	Ren, Zong-Xin,et al."Flowers of Cypripedium fargesii (Orchidaceae) fool flat-footed flies (Platypezidae) by faking fungus-infected foliage".PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 108.18(2011):7478-7480.