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题名	塔里木河中下游天然植物对地下水位变化的生理响应研究
作者	陈敏
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2008
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
导师	陈亚宁，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	地下水位
其他题名	Physiological response of natural vegetation to change of groundwater table in middle and lower reaches of Tarim River
中文摘要	本文结合塔里木河中下游沙吉力克断面、阿其河断面、阿拉干断面地下水位的监测，运用植物生理生态学理论和数理统计方法，从抗逆性生理学的角度，分析了不同水分胁迫下，胡杨、柽柳、芦苇的生理响应机理、受干旱胁迫程度及合理生态水位，为塔里木河中下游受损生态系统的恢复与重建提供理论依据。本研究表明：（1）随地下水位的变化，胡杨、柽柳、芦苇的各项生理指标发生了显著的变化，经Pearson分析表明，各生理指标与地下水位的关系密切，地下水位与叶绿素含量、POD活性呈负相关，与可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、MDA含量、SOD活性呈正相关。表明地下水位的变化，对天然植物的生长产生了显著的影响。（2）随着地下水位的不断下降，三种天然植物叶片叶绿素含量均表现为不断的下降趋势，而MDA含量均表现为不断的增加趋势，它们的变化反映了天然植物所受到的干旱胁迫程度，可将它们做为受伤害指标。另外，发现：脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量及SOD活性对减轻天然植物所受到的干旱胁迫起到了作用，因此可以将它们做为抗旱性指标。（3）随着地下水位的不断下降，胡杨、柽柳、芦苇叶片的可溶性糖含量和脯氨酸含量表现为急剧的累积现象，说明在塔里木河中下游地区，天然植物的生长已受到了显著的干旱胁迫，并且在相同地下水位条件下，三种植物累积可溶性糖含量的大小为：胡杨>芦苇>柽柳，脯氨酸含量为：柽柳>芦苇>胡杨；随着干旱胁迫程度的增加，胡杨、柽柳、芦苇的脯氨酸与可溶性糖的累积存在相互补偿的作用。（4）在不同地下水位下，天然植物的保护酶活性发生了明显的变化。其中SOD活性是在不断增加的，增强了植物的抗旱性，而POD活性是不断下降的，这可能是由于膜脂过氧化作用加剧，超过了POD抗氧化能力，导致植物细胞内POD调控系统变得迟钝或者蛋白质合成能力下降，产生了氧化胁迫，这表明在塔里木河中下游地区天然植物的生长受到了严重的干旱胁迫。（5）通过研究，初步推测胡杨、柽柳、芦苇生存的合理生态地下水位，胁迫地下水位，及严重胁迫地下水位的范围：胡杨的合理地下水位在2-4.85m左右，胁迫地下水位在5m左右，严重胁迫地下水位在8m左右；柽柳生长的合理生态地下水位在2-4.22m左右，胁迫地下水位在4.85m左右，严重胁迫地下水位在8m左右；芦苇生存的合理生态地下水位在2-2.43m左右，胁迫地下水位在4.85m左右。Combined with investigation of groundwater levels at Shajilike,Aqihe and Alagan section of middle and lower reaches of Tarim Rive,used the theory of plant physiology and the method of mathematical statistics, from the point of view of physiology of drought stress, we analyzed that under different water stress,physiological response mechanism of Populus euphratica, Tamarix spp and Phragmites communis, degree of drought stress from which natural vegetation suffered and reasonable ecological groundwater levels in this paper and at the same time that ‘s all provided theoretical basis for resume and restoration of ecosystem in middle and lower reaches of Tarim Rive. The results are as follows: （1）With change of groundwater levels, physiological indexes of Populus euphratica, Tamarix spp and Phragmites communis changed evidently and analysis of Pearson showed that relationship between physiological indexes and groundwater is nearly very much.Among the Physiological indexes measured, soluble sugar, MDA and SOD were the most positive correlation to the change of groundwater depths, while chlorophyll, POD showed a negative correlation. The study showed that change of groundwater levels cause remarkable effect for growth of natural vegetation. （2）With groundwater levels descending continuously, Chlorophyl content of three natural vegetations showed drop constantly while MDA of that displayed increased endlessly. So, Change of MDA and Chlorophyl content may reveal degree of drought stress from which natural vegetation suffered and the two indexes may act as direct indicative factors what the degree of damage is .Meanwhile, content of Proline ,soluble sugar and SODactivity reacted to alleviate drought stress which natural vegetation suffer from. Therefore, the four indexes can be regarded as drought resistant indexes for natural vegetation. （3）With groundwater levels descending continuously, that content of Soluble sugar and Proline of Populus euphratica, Tamarix spp and Phragmites communis accumulated sharply indicated that growth of natural vegetation have suffered from drought stress evidently. In addition, under same groundwater levels, order of three plants accumulating Soluble sugar and Proline content were Populus euphratica> Tamarix spp> Phragmites communis and Tamarix spp> Phragmites communis> Populus euphratica respectively and the content of Soluble sugar and proline had a relationship of compensation each other were discovered. （4）Under different groundwater levels, activity of SOD and POD cause change obviously and activity of SOD increased continuously while activity of POD was opposite. This reason why activity of POD of three plants descended consecutively may be that under water stress, lipid Peroxidation of natural vegetation which reinforced endlessly exceeded antioxidantic function of POD and lead to modulation system of POD to become slowness or ability of synthesizeing protein declined. That’s all showed that growth of three plants had suffered from serious drought stress. （5）By study, we speculated primarily scope of reasonable ecological groundwater levels, menace groundwater levels and severity menace groundwater levels of natural vegetation.: that of Populus euphratica ranges in 2-4.85m,5m,8m;that of Tamarix spp ranges in 2-4.22m,4.85m,8m.and that of Phragmites communis ranges in 2-2.43m,4.85m.around.
语种	中文
学科主题	植物生理学
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共75页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8046]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈敏. 塔里木河中下游天然植物对地下水位变化的生理响应研究[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2008.

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