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题名	基于孢粉的新疆全新世古植被动态定量重建
作者	冯晓华
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2007
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
导师	阎顺，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	新疆
其他题名	Pollen-based and quantitative reconstruction of palaeovegetation dynamic in Xinjiang during the Holocene
中文摘要	全球变化研究需要描述地球系统过去植被的状态，古植被的定量动态重建对于植被与气候的关系、气候系统的定量研究以及地球系统科学等都非常重要。本文利用一种新的全球植物功能型分类系统（PFTs）和标准的孢粉生物群区化定量技术（Biomisation），共36个表土孢粉采样点（200个表土孢粉样品）和29个地层孢粉采样点（685个地层孢粉样品）参与了重建新疆古植被的模拟。包括建立孢粉数据库、设计植物功能型、设计生物群区、利用Biomisation方法重建表土植被和古植被以及制图等主要内容。孢粉的生物群区化方法（Biomisation）是利用孢粉数据，以模糊逻辑学为基础重建生物群区的一种标准化数量方法。首先，把代表植物的孢粉类型归并为一种或多种特定的植物功能型；接下来根据特征植物功能型定义生物群区，并计算生物群区的相似得分；每个孢粉样品被归并到相似得分最高的生物群区，这里还同时遵循子集优先规则，即得分相同的情况下，包含植物功能型数目最少的生物群区便是这个孢粉样品的生物群区类型。在孢粉样品数据、孢粉采样点地理位置数据、孢粉测年数据的获取方面，采用Digitizer、GIS、Excel等软件对数据进行处理。在植物功能型和生物群区的设计方面对新疆特殊的气候、植被等都进行了比较全面的考虑。利用表土孢粉样品在垂直海拔上重建的生物群区与现代自然植被表现出较好的一致性，在水平地带分布上也获得了理想结果，证明该模型可用于重建新疆过去地质历史时期古生物群区，并进行动态定量分析。利用地层孢粉样品重建了全新世14个时段的生物群区，反映了新疆全新世以来荒漠、荒漠草原、草原、山地草甸和森林等主要生物群区的动态演替过程，生物群区在平原和山地不同的空间分布演替过程，有助于对全新世以来新疆气候中水热组合变化的分析以及探讨中国西部地区古植被和古气候演变的特殊规律。The global change research needed to describe the past vegetation condition of Earth system. It’s very important that the dynamic and quota reconstruction of palaeovegetation regarding to the relation between vegetation and climate and the quantitative investigation of climate system and so on. A total of 200 pollen surface samples, 685 geological pollen records were used to reconstruct vegetation patterns in Xinjiang, based on a new global classification system of plant functional types (PFTS) and a standard numerical technique for biome assignment (biomisation). Including the establishment of pollen database, the design of plant function types, the design of biomes, useing the Biomisation method reconstruction surface soil vegetation and the palaeovegetation charting and so on. The article describes a method for the objective biomization of pollen samples based on fuzzy logic. Pollen types (taxa) are assigned to one or more plant functional types (PFTS), then affinity scores are calculated for each biome in turn based on its list of characteristic PFTs. The pollen sample is assigned to the biome to which it has the highest affinity, subject to a tie-breaking rule that the last biome should include the fewest types PFTs when got the same affinity. Used software such as Digitizer, GIS, Excel and so on to process the pollen samples data, the geographical data and the year measurement data of pollen samples.The comprehensive consideration has been used in the design of plant function types and of biome about to the special climate and the vegetation and so on in Xinjiang. It’s got better uniformity between the reconstruction biome using the surface soil pollen sample and the modern natural vegetation in the vertical criterion, and it’s also ideal in the horizontal distribution. It proved this model can use in reconstructing the palaeobiome during the geologic history and can do some dynamic and quota analysis in Xinjiang. 14 time intervals biomes were reconstructed using the stratum pollen sample data during the Holocene in Xinjiang. It reflected the dynamic of main biomes such as the desert, the desert steppe, the steppe, the mountainous meadow and the forest and the different spatial distribution change process of biome in the plainand and the mountain region. It’s helpful to the the discussion and analysis of water-heat combination changes since the Holocene in Xinjiang and to probe the special law of the palaeovegetation change and the palaeoclimate change in west China. Key words: Xinjiang, the Holocene, Palaeovegetation, the Biomisation method
语种	中文
学科主题	在生物科学上的应用
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共99页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/7930]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	冯晓华. 基于孢粉的新疆全新世古植被动态定量重建[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2007.

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