Upwelling and surface cold patches in the Yellow Sea in summer: Effects of tidal mixing on the vertical circulation

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2009.09.002

	Upwelling and surface cold patches in the Yellow Sea in summer: Effects of tidal mixing on the vertical circulation
	Lue, Xingang 1,2; Qiao, Fangli 1,2; Xia, Changshui 1,2; Wang, Guansuo 1,2; Yuan, Yeli 1,2
刊名	CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
	2010-04
卷号	30 期号:6 页码:620-632
关键词	Upwelling Surface cold patch Tidal mixing Secondary circulation Numerical modeling Mechanism The Yellow Sea
ISSN号	0278-4343
DOI	10.1016/j.csr.2009.09.002
英文摘要	A three-dimensional, prognostic, wave-tide-circulation coupled numerical model is developed to study the effects of tidal mixing on the summertime vertical circulation in the Yellow Sea (YS). The distribution and mechanisms of upwelling are investigated by numerical means. Validated by historical tide gauge data, satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data, and cruise observation data, the model shows satisfactory performances in reproducing the dominant tidal system and three-dimensional sea temperature structure. Model results suggest that strong tidal mixing plays an important role in the formation of the vertical circulation in the YS. The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM) is fringed by typical tidal mixing fronts (TMFs), which separate the cold, stratified water at the offshore side from the warm, well-mixed, shallow water at the other side. Considerable baroclinic gradient across the TMF makes the frontal zone the spot where the most active vertical circulation occurs; a secondary circulation is triggered with a distinct upwelling branch occurring mainly on the mixed side of the front. The numerical model produces systematic upwelling belts surrounding the YSCWM, and the upwelling is essentially induced by the TMF over sloping topography. The relative importance of tidal mixing and wind forcing for upwelling is further examined in numerical experiments. The southerly wind enhances the upwelling off the western coasts, but its overall influences in the whole YS are less important than tidal mixing. As shown by both satellite data and numerical modeling, the summertime SST field in the YS is featured by the stable existence of several site-selective surface cold patches (SCPs), most of which scatter in the waters off convex coastlines. One of the SCPs is found off Subei Bank, and the others are located off the eastern tip of Shandong Peninsula and off the three tips of Korean Peninsula. Two processes give rise to the SCP: on the one hand, TMF-induced upwelling supplies cold water from the deep layer; on the other hand, tidal mixing itself can stir the bottom water upward and homogenize the water column vertically. In the waters around the tips of peninsula in the YS, the tidal currents are extraordinarily strong, which provides a possible explanation for the site-selectivity of the SCPs. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
资助项目	National 908 Project of China[908-ZC-I-01] ; National 908 Project of China[908-02-01-03]
WOS关键词	SOUTHEASTERN HWANGHAE ; TAIWAN STRAIT ; FRONTS ; SATELLITE ; OCEAN ; MODEL
WOS研究方向	Oceanography
语种	英语
出版者	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000277669400010
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.fio.com.cn:8080/handle/2SI8HI0U/27114]
专题	自然资源部第一海洋研究所
通讯作者	Qiao, Fangli
作者单位	1.State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China 2.SOA, Key Lab Marine Sci & Numer Modeling, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lue, Xingang,Qiao, Fangli,Xia, Changshui,et al. Upwelling and surface cold patches in the Yellow Sea in summer: Effects of tidal mixing on the vertical circulation[J]. CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH,2010,30(6):620-632.
APA	Lue, Xingang,Qiao, Fangli,Xia, Changshui,Wang, Guansuo,&Yuan, Yeli.(2010).Upwelling and surface cold patches in the Yellow Sea in summer: Effects of tidal mixing on the vertical circulation.CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH,30(6),620-632.
MLA	Lue, Xingang,et al."Upwelling and surface cold patches in the Yellow Sea in summer: Effects of tidal mixing on the vertical circulation".CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH 30.6(2010):620-632.