Bio-Sintering/Bio-Fusion of Silica in Sponge Spicules

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	Bio-Sintering/Bio-Fusion of Silica in Sponge Spicules
	Wang, XH (Wang, Xiaohong); Wiens, M (Wiens, Matthias); Schlossmacher, U (Schlossmacher, Ute); Jochum, KP (Jochum, Klaus Peter); Schroder, HC (Schroeder, Heinz C.); Muller, WEG (Mueller, Werner E. G.)
刊名	ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
	2012
卷号	14 期号:3 页码:B4-B12
ISSN号	1438-1656
英文摘要	The synthesis of siliceous spicules in both demosponges and hexactinellids is enzymatically driven via silicatein. This enzyme exists both intra-spicularly and in the extra-spicular space. It catalyzes the formation of bio-silica constituting the silica lamellae that are formed during the appositional (layer-by-layer) growth of the spicules. The extent of (bio-silica forming) activity of silicatein from the demosponge Suberites domuncula measured in vitro reflects the amount of bio-silica required for the formation of spicules in vivo. It is shown that during growth and maturation of the spicules in demosponges a bio-fusion process occurs that results in an intra-spicular sintering of the silica lamellae to form compact silica rods. The morphological characterization of the globular asters (microscleres) from the demosponge Geodia cydonium revealed that these spherical spicules are formed from a tuft of silicatein filaments which radiate from a common origin. While in demosponges a complete intra-spicular bio-sintering/bio-fusion process occurs, this process is incomplete in hexactinellid spicules. There, only the most inner lamellae of the spicules fuse leaving the more peripheral silica lamellae separate. However, within this class of sponges several families (example Euplectella aspergillum) show a bio-sintering process between individual spicules. There, bio-silica is secondarily deposited onto mature spicules, giving rise to an ordered array of bio-silica bridges. Furthermore we report that for the formation of the strong and stiff bio-silica skeleton of sponges a hardening process is required that is (presumable) driven by cell-membrane bound aquaporin channels which allow the removal of water, released during the bio-silica polycondensation reaction.
学科主题	古生物学
WOS关键词	DEMOSPONGE SUBERITES-DOMUNCULA ; MONORHAPHIS-CHUNI ; BIOLOGICAL SILICA ; GEODIA-CYDONIUM ; BIOGENIC SILICA ; AXIAL FILAMENT ; IN-VITRO ; BIOSILICA ; EXPRESSION ; GLASS
WOS研究方向	Materials Science
语种	英语
出版者	WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
WOS记录号	WOS:000301044800003
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.197/handle/2HKVOGP0/39603]
专题	中国地质调查局
作者单位	Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang, XH ,Wiens, M ,Schlossmacher, U ,et al. Bio-Sintering/Bio-Fusion of Silica in Sponge Spicules[J]. ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS,2012,14(3):B4-B12.
APA	Wang, XH ,Wiens, M ,Schlossmacher, U ,Jochum, KP ,Schroder, HC ,&Muller, WEG .(2012).Bio-Sintering/Bio-Fusion of Silica in Sponge Spicules.ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS,14(3),B4-B12.
MLA	Wang, XH ,et al."Bio-Sintering/Bio-Fusion of Silica in Sponge Spicules".ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 14.3(2012):B4-B12.