Mathematical formula identification and performance evaluation in PDF   documents

doi:10.1007/s10032-013-0216-1

CORC > 北京大学 > 信息科学技术学院

	Mathematical formula identification and performance evaluation in PDF documents
	Lin, Xiaoyan ; Gao, Liangcai ; Tang, Zhi ; Baker, Josef ; Sorge, Volker
刊名	international journal on document analysis and recognition
	2014
关键词	Mathematical formula identification Machine learning PDF documents Performance evaluation EXPRESSIONS RECOGNITION
DOI	10.1007/s10032-013-0216-1
英文摘要	An important initial step of mathematical formula recognition is to correctly identify the location of formulae within documents. Previous work in this area has traditionally focused on image-based documents; however, given the prevalence and popularity of the PDF format for dissemination, alternatives to image-based approaches are increasingly being explored. In this paper, we investigate the use of both machine learning techniques and heuristic rules to locate the boundaries of both isolated and embedded formulae within documents, based upon data extracted directly from PDF files. We propose four new features along with preprocessing and post-processing techniques for isolated formula identification. Furthermore, we compare, analyse and extensively tune nine state-of-the-art learning algorithms for a comprehensive evaluation of our proposed methods. The evaluation is carried out over a ground-truth dataset, which we have made publicly available, together with an application adaptable fine-grained evaluation metric. Our experimental results demonstrate that the overall accuracies of isolated and embedded formula identification are increased by 11.52 and 10.65 %, compared with our previously proposed formula identification approach.; http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000340610000003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701 ; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; SCI(E); EI; 2; ARTICLE; linxiaoyan@pku.edu.cn; glc@pku.edu.cn; tangzhi@pku.edu.cn; J.Baker@cs.bham.ac.uk; V.Sorge@cs.bham.ac.uk; 3; 239-255; 17
语种	英语
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.pku.edu.cn/handle/20.500.11897/161737]
专题	信息科学技术学院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lin, Xiaoyan,Gao, Liangcai,Tang, Zhi,et al. Mathematical formula identification and performance evaluation in PDF documents[J]. international journal on document analysis and recognition,2014.
APA	Lin, Xiaoyan,Gao, Liangcai,Tang, Zhi,Baker, Josef,&Sorge, Volker.(2014).Mathematical formula identification and performance evaluation in PDF documents.international journal on document analysis and recognition.
MLA	Lin, Xiaoyan,et al."Mathematical formula identification and performance evaluation in PDF documents".international journal on document analysis and recognition (2014).