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题名	骆驼刺群落对地表风沙过程的影响
作者	邢文娟
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2008
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
导师	雷加强，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	骆驼刺
其他题名	The Impacts of Alhagi Sparsioflia Schap on the Surface Aeolian Process
中文摘要	塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒荒漠-绿洲过渡带，是我国典型的干旱半干旱区，自然条件严酷、风沙灾害严重，为了防止荒漠化程度进一步加剧，需建立一系列的防护措施。本文以当地植被—骆驼刺为例，以实地调查和长期定点监测为支撑，从风沙形成环境背景、植被盖度时空变化、生物防沙试验方面，分析和论述了骆驼刺群落对地表风沙过程的影响，以便为塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘荒漠化防治及防护林的建设，提供基础资料。研究结果表明：（1）该区起沙风风向以WNW和W为主，输沙方向集中在WNW、W和NW风向上，该区风沙环境属于大比率范围，单风风况，低风能环境。风沙活动主要集中在4~8月；（2）通过下垫面植被盖度、土壤含水率时空变化的分析，初步阐明二者在时间上与风力存在着不对应性，即4月对应性弱；（3）通过单株骆驼刺防沙试验发现，在骆驼刺植株迎风侧气流减速区距植株高度约1h（h表示株高）范围内为风蚀区，在背风侧距植株水平距离约4h范围弱涡流发生部位表现为积沙区，在背风侧气流恢复区和两侧气流加速区表现为风蚀区。单株骆驼刺植株背风侧积沙区是一个长轴大于短轴近似椭圆的积沙形态，椭圆长短轴之比为2.1：1~2.9：1。骆驼刺株高和积沙尾长轴之比为1：3~1：4，和短轴之比为1：0.74；（4）通过不同密度骆驼刺防沙试验发现，骆驼刺植株密度越大防护效益越好，密度在0.2株/m2其防护效益较好。从时间变化上来看，4月骆驼刺的盖度同风沙活动对应性较弱，盖度为14.3%，积沙面积16.4%，骆驼刺防护效果低，5~6月骆驼刺盖度同风沙活动对应性强，盖度达36.6%~54.7%，积沙面积达47%~60.7%，防护效果好；（5）4~5月是研究区风沙活动强劲期，需加强防护，因此建议当地人民改变原有对骆驼刺植被的砍伐方式，采用合理密度的砍伐方式。Qira oasis:located at the transitional belt of the Southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert, is a typical arid area in the northwest part of China，and the desertification there becomes more and more serious. In order to slow-down this process, some protection measurements are very important. In this paper, we put Alhagi Sparsioflia Schap as an example, discussing about its impacts on the surface of aeolian process. The results show as follow: (1)The paper has educed the difference of the blown sand disaster environment in Southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert, the wind direction of this region is affected predominantly by WNW and W, the main direction of drift potential are WNW、W and NW, the wind environment of this area exhibit a single-peak form, which indicated that this region belongs to a low-energy environment;（2）Though the analysis on temporal and spatial variation of vegetation coverage、soil water content, the resoult show they have no corresponding to the wind speed; (3) The individual experiment shows that: there is an air flow decelerating area at the foot of wind ard side of the single A.sparsifolia plant, where wind erosion occurs; there is an airflow accelerating area at the downward side of the single A.sparsifolia plant, where wind erosion occurs; and there are the airflow accelerating areas at both sides of the single A.sparsifolia plant, where serious wind erosion occurs;(4) The different density experiments show that: With the decrease of A.sparsifolia density,it's protection benefit goes down;(5) April to May is the serious month for the wind erosion, so the lock people should use a reasonable cutting measurement such as a reasonable density, which not only satisfier the needing of locale people , also can have a good affection of protection.
语种	中文
学科主题	恢复生态
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共53页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8100]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邢文娟. 骆驼刺群落对地表风沙过程的影响[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2008.

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