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题名	三江平原湿地保护区管理效果评价及保护对策研究
作者	白雪
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2005
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
导师	马克明，生态环境研究中心
关键词	三江平原
其他题名	Assessment of wetland reserves management effectiveness and conservation strategies in the Sanjiang Plain, China
中文摘要	湿地是全球重要的生态系统之一，在维持区域和全球生态平衡及提供野生动植物生境方面具有重要意义。然而，随着社会经济的发展和人口的增加，湿地成为遭受破坏最严重的生态系统之一。我国在湿地保护和管理方面取得了一定的成绩，但因大多数的湿地保护区建立时间较晚，且管理投入差别显著，因此保护效果存在较大差异。本文以三江平原湿地保护区为研究对象，基于遥感和GIS技术，刻画了研究区近30年保护区内外湿地景观特征的变化；从景观生态功能和群落多样性两个方面评价湿地保护区内外的差异，作为其管理效果的评价指标；应用概率和主变量分析方法探讨了周边农户的认知和态度在空间上的差异对保护区管理的潜在威胁；进行了湿地生态水文过程对保护区的影响研究。主要结论如下： (1) 不同级别的保护区及其水文敏感区的湿地生态功能存在明显差异。保护区的级别越高，保护效果越好。 (2) 洪河保护区内外湿地植物群落从环境特征、物种组成和β多样性指数上均比前锋保护区内外的差异显著；受到适当干扰的前锋保护区内α多样性指数最大。 (3) 随着距离的增加，国家级保护区周边农户的认知响应呈下降趋势，潜在威胁度呈上升趋势；地方级保护区周边农户认知响应与管理效果呈显著正相关。 (4) 基于洪河保护区水位与水面面积减小率的关系分析，确定最小生态水位为51.5m，并根据保护区内地表水位与周边地下水位变化的相关分析结果，将湿地动态补水划分为5级。Wetland is one of the most important ecosystems in the world. It has prominent significance in not only maintaining the regional and global ecological balances, but also providing living environment for wild animals and plants. However, wetland has become one of the badly destroyed ecosystems along with the fast socioeconomic development and population explosion. China has made some progress in wetland protection and management. There are great differences in conservation effects between different wetland reserves since the management invests in China were various. This study analysed wetland landscape changes characteristics both inside and outside of wetlands natural reserves in Sanjiang Plain since 1975 based on RS and GIS technology; the wetland management effects differences between reserves inside and outside were assessed from landscape ecological function and community diversity aspects. This study was also focused on not only the spatial differences of public perception, attitude and consciousness in the wetland reserves nearby area by probability and Multivariate analysis, but also the eco-hydrological process impacts on wetland reserves in the case study of Sanjiang Plain, China. The primary conclusions were as follows: (1) There were distinct differences of wetland ecological function between different management level wetland reserves and their respective hydrological sensitive zones. The higher management level, the better management effects. (2) The environmental characteristics, species components and β diversity index differences of wetland plants community between inside and outside of Honghe reserve were prominent than those of Qianfeng reserve. The plant community α diversity index was most in Qianfeng reserve, which was affected by appropriate disturbance intensity. (3) The public perception response tended to be reduced with the distance increasing in the national reserves nearby area, and the degree of potential threat tended to be enhanced. There was a remarkable positive correlation between the management effect inside of the local wetland reserves and the public perception response outside. (4) The least ecological water level in nongjiang basin was 51.5 meters, based on the relationship between the water level and water area decrease ratio of Honghe reserve. According to the correlation analysis of the surface water level inside of Honghe reserve and the ground water level outside, wetland dynamic complementary water volume was divided into five scales.
语种	中文
学科主题	自然地理学,环境科学
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共132页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8058]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	白雪. 三江平原湿地保护区管理效果评价及保护对策研究[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2005.

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