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题名	巴音布鲁克人工草地土壤微生物分布特征
作者	柳妍妍
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2008
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
导师	胡玉昆，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	人工草地
其他题名	Characteristics and Distribution of Soil Micrograms in Bayanbulak
中文摘要	本文采用野外采样与室内分析相结合的方法对巴音布鲁克人工草地土壤微生物分布特征进行研究。于2007年6月、7月、8月、9月在研究地选取4种不同建植年代的人工草地（4 a、8 a、15 a、20 a），以典型的天然草原作为对照，以5点混合法按0～20 cm、20～40 cm两个层面分别采集土壤样品。在室内对土壤微生物细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量进行了测定，同时对土壤含水量、土壤养分（土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、全效氮、全效磷和pH值）和土壤酶活性（过氧化氢酶和脲酶）进行了测定。利用DPS等软件对土壤微生物数量与土壤养分和土壤酶活性的相关性进行了分析，从土壤微生物的角度为人工草地的可持续发展提供一定的科学依据。研究结果表明： （1）土壤微生物的变化受温度、水分、植物残体及植物生长的综合影响。不同空间层次草地土壤微生物数量变化均较大，0～20 cm土层的数量均大于20～40 cm土层。 （2）5种不同生境下，不同时间三大类微生物数量变化虽各有特点，但总趋势为：0～20 cm土层的数量表现出明显的时间差异性，而20～40 cm未表现出时间动态或时间动态很弱。土壤细菌数量、真菌数量最高值均出现在4年生人工草地，放线菌最高值出现在天然草原。 （3）土壤有机质和全氮含量最高值均出现在4年生人工草地，4年生人工草地土壤肥力高于其它生境的人工草地。 （4）在土层为0～20 cm时天然草原与不同建植年代人工草地间土壤过氧化氢酶其差异性比较显著，且其最高值出现在天然草原，最低值出现在4年生的人工草地。土层为20～40 cm时不同生境草地间土壤过氧化氢酶无差异性。0～20 cm土层土壤脲酶活性远远高于20～40 cm土层土壤酶活性。 （5）相关性表明，除了15年生人工草地土壤有机质与土壤细菌数量之间无相关性外，其余4种生境土壤有机质与土壤细菌数量均成显著正相关和极显著正相关。 （6）上层土壤过氧化氢酶与pH值和速氮均呈显著正负相关性，下层土壤过氧化氢酶与全磷含量呈显著正相关。土壤过氧化氢酶与全磷含量呈显著正相关。土壤脲酶只与全磷含量呈显著负相关关系，而与其它养分因子无相关性。This dissertation study on the distribute character of soil microgram by field sampling and laboratory analysis method in Bayanbulak. Four different establishment’s artificial grassland (4 a, 8 a, 15 a, 20 a) was chosen in June, July, August, September and the typical natural grassland was used as CK in 2007, five mixed method was used to collect 0～20 cm and 20～40 cm’s soil sampling. The number of Soil Bacteria, Soil Fungus, Soil Actinomycetes was measured in indoors. Meanwhile, soil nutrition (soil organic matter, available N, available P, available K, total N, total P and pH) and soil enzyme activity were measured (Soil Catalase and Urease). In order to understand whether artificial grassland’s building was feasible or not in the view of soil microgram, DPS was used to analysis the number of soil microgram and soil nutrition, soil enzyme activity’s correlation. The results showed that: (1) Soil temperature, soil water content, plant residue and plant growing effect the soil microgram’s change. The number of soil microgram changed greatly in different spatial levels, 0～20 cm layer was higher than the 20～40 cm. (2) There was different character of three kinds of soil microgram’ number in different of 5 different habitat niche, but the general tendency was 0～20 cm layer’s number showed obvious temporal difference, and 20～40 cm layer didn’t showed that or its temporal difference was weak. The maximum of Soil Bacteria and Soil Fungusturned in 4 years artificial grassland, and the maximum of Soil Actinomycetes turned in the natural grassland. (3) SOM and available N’s content turned maximum value in the 4 a artificial grassland, 4 a soil fertility was higher than others. (4) Natural grassland and different establishment’s artificial grassland’s Soil Catalase’s difference was more obvious in 0～20 cm’s layer, and its maximum turned in natural grassland, its minimum turned in 4 a artificial grassland, there was no difference in 20～40 cm of different habitats. The activity of Soil Urease in 0～20 cm layer was far higher than 20～40 cm layer. (5) Correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlation and high significant positive correlation between SOM and the number of Soil Bacteria except 15 a artificial grassland. (6) The relationship between upper layer of soil’s catalase and pH, Available N were significant positive and negative correlation, subsoil catalase and Total P was significant positive correlation. Soil catalase and Total P’s content was significant positive correlation. It turned significant negative correlation between soil urease and Total P’content, but there was no correlation between soil urease and other nutrient factors.
语种	中文
学科主题	草业科学
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共56页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/7998]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	柳妍妍. 巴音布鲁克人工草地土壤微生物分布特征[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2008.

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