中国出口产业的空间格局演变

doi:10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2017.03.013

CORC > 北京大学 > 城市与环境学院

	中国出口产业的空间格局演变; The Evolution of Spatial Pattern of China's Exports
	李伟 ; 贺灿飞
刊名	经济地理
	2017
关键词	贸易出口原材料类产品劳动密集型产业技术密集型产业空间格局演变中国 trade export raw materials products labor-intensive industries technology intensive industries spatial restructure
DOI	10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2017.03.013
英文摘要	利用2000-2011年中国海关贸易数据库两位数出口数据研究了我国出口企业地理格局的演变.研究结果表明:我国出口企业空间集聚程度较高,主要集中于东部沿海地区,但20000-2006年多类出口产业的空间基尼系数有所降低,其中原材料类产业的空间基尼系数下降较大,劳动密集型次之,技术密集型产业下降较小甚至稍有增加.从城市尺度看,这一阶段出口产业的空间扩散效应明显,2000-2006年原材料类产业从中西部城市转移到东部沿海城市,劳动密集型产业由沿海城市群核心城市向城市群外围城市扩散.技术密集型产业主要集聚于沿海城市群核心城市,空间扩散表现为由珠三角核心城市向长三角核心城市转移.2007-2011年技术密集型产业由沿海城市群核心城市向外围城市扩散,中西部地区省会城市在出口中的比重明显提升,最终我国出口产品的生产主要集中于东部地区主要城市群及中西部地区省会城市.通过计量模型初步发现,新贸易理论及新经济地理学理论对我国出口企业的区位选择及空间分布有较强的解释力,本地市场规模越大,越有利于具有规模报酬递增的企业获得出口优势.中西部地区的出口除了受到本地市场规模的影响外,劳动密集型出口产业的增长还受到了劳动力要素禀赋的影响.人力资本较高的地区往往具有较高的工资水平,这会挤出出口企业.地方政府的招商引资政策、开发区政策等促进了出口的增长,尤其是技术密集型出口产业的增长.但地方政府税收力度过大会降低出口企业选择该地的可能性,并阻碍出口企业的发展.; Based on two-digit export data of China Customs Database from 2000 to 2011,this paper studies the evolution of the geographical pattern of China's exports.The results show that China's export firms have a high degree of spatial agglomeration,mainly concentrating in the coastal areas.However,most exports' spatial Gini coefficient decreased from 2000 to 2006,and the space Gini coefficient of the raw material exports decreased greatly,followed by labor-intensive exports,and some of the technology-intensive exports' Gini coefficient declined little or even slightly increased.At the urban scale,spatial diffusion dominated the spatial restructure.From 2000 to 2006,the raw materials exports shifted from the central and western cities to the coastal cities and labor-intensive exports transferred from the core to the periphery cities of urban agglomeration in the coastal area.During the same period,technology-intensive exports were mainly concentrated in a small number of eore cities in urban agglomeration in coastal areas and they mainly relocated from the core cites in Pearl River Delta to the core cities in Yangtze River Delta.From 2007 to 2011,the technology-intensive exports spread from the core cities to the peripheral cities in urban agglomerations in coastal areas and the proportion for capital cities in the central and western regions improved significantly.Finally,the production of China's exports was mainly concentrated in urban agglomerations in eastern area and the capital cities in middle and western areas.Through the econometric models,it is found that new trade theory and new economic geography theory have a better explanation on location choice and spatial distribution of export firms.The larger the size of local market,the more possibility that export firms with increasing returns to scale tend to locate in this area.Except for the market size,the growth of laborintensive export firms in middle and western area is also affected by the labor endowments.Areas with better human capital tend to have higher wages,which will squeeze our export enterprises.Local governments' zones policies and investment policies tend to promote export growth,especially the technology-intensive products.But the heavy taxes imposed on exports enterprises will hinder the development of export enterprises.; 国家杰出青年科学基金项目; 国家自然科学基金项目; 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD); 中国社会科学引文索引(CSSCI); 3; 96-105; 37
语种	英语
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.pku.edu.cn/handle/20.500.11897/462827]
专题	城市与环境学院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李伟,贺灿飞. 中国出口产业的空间格局演变, The Evolution of Spatial Pattern of China's Exports[J]. 经济地理,2017.
APA	李伟,&贺灿飞.(2017).中国出口产业的空间格局演变.经济地理.
MLA	李伟,et al."中国出口产业的空间格局演变".经济地理 (2017).