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	Comparison of the ameliorating effects on an acidic ultisol between four crop straws and their biochars
	Yuan, Jin-Hua1,2; Xu, Ren-Kou1; Qian, Wei1; Wang, Ru-Hai1
刊名	JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
	2011-07-01
卷号	11期号:5页码:741-750
关键词	Amelioration of soil acidity Biochar Crop straws Soil pH Ultisol
ISSN号	1439-0108
DOI	10.1007/s11368-011-0365-0
通讯作者	Xu, Ren-Kou(rkxu@issas.ac.cn)
英文摘要	The amelioration effects of crop straws and their biochars on an acidic ultisol were compared in incubation experiments to determine suitable organic amendments for acid soils. Four crop straws, including non-legumes (canola straw and rice straw) and legumes (soybean straw and pea straw) were used to prepare biochars using a low temperature (350A degrees C) oxygen-limited pyrolysis method. Two application rates of 1% and 2% were used for both crop straws and their biochars in incubation experiments lasting 90 days. Soil pH (1:2.5 soil to water), soil exchangeable acidity, soil exchangeable base cations, and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) were determined to evaluate the amelioration effects of these crop straws and their biochars on an acidic ultisol. The incorporation of crop straws increased or decreased the soil pH depending on the relative contribution of alkalinity of the straws, mineralization of organic N and nitrification of NH(4) (+). The incorporation of biochars produced from crop straws increased the soil pH, and their ameliorating effects increased with the application rates of biochars. The biochars from legume straws induced more increase in soil pH than non-legume biochars. The addition of both crop straws and their biochars decreased soil exchangeable acidity and exchangeable Al(3+), and increased soil exchangeable base cations and base saturation degree. The biochars (especially legumes) induced a greater decrease in soil exchangeable acidity and a greater increase in soil exchangeable base cations compared to their feedstock due to their much higher contents of base cations. The CEC of biochars were 10-20 times that of soil CEC and thus biochar incorporation increased the soil CEC significantly, as well as the retention of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), K(+), and NH(4) (+) by acid soils. The biochars produced from legume crop straws were better choices as amendments for acid soils than their feedstock. Organic anions and carbonates were the main forms of alkali in the biochar; both contributed to neutralizing soil acidity and increasing soil pH. The incorporation of biochar cannot only neutralize soil acidity, but can also improve soil fertility.
收录类别	SCI
WOS关键词	SOIL-PH CHANGES ; PLANT SHOOT MATERIALS ; RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION ; SOUTHERN CHINA ; ASH ALKALINITY ; BLACK CARBON ; INITIAL PH ; WHEAT ; ACIDIFICATION ; DEPOSITION
WOS研究方向	Geology ; Agriculture
WOS类目	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Soil Science
语种	英语
出版者	SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
WOS记录号	WOS:000292312200004
内容类型	期刊论文
URI标识	http://www.corc.org.cn/handle/1471x/2558982
专题	南京土壤研究所
通讯作者	Xu, Ren-Kou
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Yuan, Jin-Hua,Xu, Ren-Kou,Qian, Wei,et al. Comparison of the ameliorating effects on an acidic ultisol between four crop straws and their biochars[J]. JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS,2011,11(5):741-750.
APA	Yuan, Jin-Hua,Xu, Ren-Kou,Qian, Wei,&Wang, Ru-Hai.(2011).Comparison of the ameliorating effects on an acidic ultisol between four crop straws and their biochars.JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS,11(5),741-750.
MLA	Yuan, Jin-Hua,et al."Comparison of the ameliorating effects on an acidic ultisol between four crop straws and their biochars".JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 11.5(2011):741-750.

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