目 录
第 1 章 绪论...............................................................................................1
1.1 选题背景及意义 .................................................................................................1
1.2 国内外研究现状 .................................................................................................2
1.2.1 土壤水分入渗及模拟...................................................................................2
1.2.2 土壤持水性及模拟.......................................................................................4
1.2.3 土壤团聚体稳定性.......................................................................................6
1.2.4 土壤颗粒间内力作用...................................................................................7
1.3 结语 .....................................................................................................................9
第 2 章 研究内容与方法 ........................................................................10
2.1 研究目标 ...........................................................................................................10
2.2 研究内容 ...........................................................................................................10
2.3 技术路线 ...........................................................................................................11
2.4 样品采集与处理 ...............................................................................................11
2.5 试验方法 ...........................................................................................................12
2.5.1 土壤基本理化性质分析.............................................................................12
2.5.2 土壤水分入渗特性测定试验.....................................................................13
2.5.3 饱和导水率测定试验.................................................................................14
2.5.4 水分特征曲线测定试验.............................................................................14
2.6 数据处理与分析 ...............................................................................................15
2.6.1 表面电场、内力作用的计算.....................................................................15
2.6.2 入渗数据拟合模型.....................................................................................17
2.6.3 饱和导水率计算.........................................................................................17
2.6.4 水分特征曲线拟合模型.............................................................................18
第 3 章 土壤颗粒间的内力作用表征 ....................................................19
3.1 土壤颗粒表面电位 ...........................................................................................19
3.2 土壤颗粒表面电场强度分布 ...........................................................................19
3.3 土壤内力作用大小计算 ...................................................................................20
3.3.1 颗粒间的静电斥力.....................................................................................20
3.3.2 颗粒间的范德华力与水合斥力.................................................................22
3.3.3 颗粒间的 DLVO 作用力............................................................................23
3.3.4 颗粒间的净作用力.....................................................................................25
3.4 小结 ...................................................................................................................27
第 4 章 土壤内力作用对水分入渗能力的影响及模拟 ........................29
4.1 土壤内力作用对湿润锋运移速度的影响 .......................................................29
4.2 土壤内力作用对累积入渗量的影响 ...............................................................30
4.3 土壤内力作用对入渗速率的影响 ...................................................................32
4.4 两种入渗模型拟合比较 ...................................................................................33
4.5 小结 ...................................................................................................................36
第 5 章 土壤内力作用对土壤持水性能的影响及模拟 ........................38
5.1 土壤内力作用对饱和导水率及水分特征曲线的影响 ...................................38
5.2 土壤内力作用对当量孔径分布的影响 ...........................................................40
5.3 水分特征曲线模型拟合比较 ...........................................................................42
5.3.1 van Genuchten 模型水分特征曲线模拟 ....................................................42
5.3.2 Gardner 模型水分特征曲线模拟 ...............................................................43
5.3.3 两种水分特征曲线模型拟合比较.............................................................43
5.4 土壤内力作用对持水性的影响 .......................................................................44
5.5 小结 ...................................................................................................................47
第 6 章 总结.............................................................................................49
6.1 主要结论 ...........................................................................................................49
6.2 研究不足与展望 ...............................................................................................50
参考文献...................................................................................................51
致 谢.......................................................................................................59
作者简历及攻读学位期间发表的学术论文与研究成果 ......................61