腐蚀是世界各国共同面临的巨大威胁，给人类社会造成了严重的经济损失，研究腐蚀防护具有重要的科学和实际意义。聚氨酯高分子、环氧高分子、酚醛高分子等高分子涂层技术是常用的腐蚀防护手段。但是涂层技术面临着一个共同的问题，即在涂层受损部位，腐蚀性介质可直接渗透至金属基底，失去防腐能力。为了解决该问题，可以从三个方面进行研究。其一，发展智能自修复涂层，对涂层受损处防腐功能进行自主修复；其二，发展智能自预警涂层，检测出涂层破损位置，以便采取相应措施对涂层进行修复；其三将自修复与自预警功能相结合，实现涂层自预警与自修复功能一体化。为了实现涂层破损处的自预警，本论文发展了一种基于异硫氰酸荧光素/磷钨酸荧光复合物的智能自预警涂层。为了解决荧光分子在涂层中过早显示荧光的问题，将pH响应性荧光复合物负载于介孔二氧化硅纳米容器中，制备出具有pH响应性的荧光探针纳米容器；将其均匀分散于环氧高分子涂层中，制备出智能荧光自预警涂层。该智能自预警涂层可对碳钢、铜合金、铝合金、镁合金等多种金属表面涂层的破损位点进行自我预警，且对涂层下产生的微孔缺陷具有优异的自预警性能。为了发展自预警与自修复双功能一体化的智能涂层，本论文将pH响应性荧光探针香豆素和缓蚀剂苯并三氮唑分别负载于pH响应性高分子微球中，制备出具有pH响应性释放的微球容器；将其均匀分散于环氧高分子涂层中，制备出自预警功能和自修复功能一体化的pH响应性智能涂层。该智能涂层可对碳钢、铜合金、铝合金、镁合金等多种金属表面涂层的破损位点进行荧光自我预警，同时阻止涂层破损处腐蚀的发生和蔓延，且对涂层的疲劳破裂具有自预警和自修复功能。该双功能化智能涂层解决了自修复涂层不能预警缺陷、自预警涂层不能修复缺陷的问题，弥补了各自功能的不足。不同自修复涂层的作用机制及使用条件使得难于对其防腐能力进行对比，为了解决该问题，本论文将pH响应性高分子微球PDVB-graft-P(DVB-co-AA)-phph均匀分散至丙烯酸中，制备出一种可视化智能自预警涂层，可对自修复涂层的防腐动力学行为进行监测，并据此对不同自修复涂层系统进行防腐性能评价，解决了各种自修复设计策略之间防腐性能难以比较的问题。论文中将三种自修复容器分别与PDVB-graft-P(DVB-co-AA)-phph一起均匀嵌入丙烯酸高分子涂层中，并通过划痕浸泡实验对其防腐性能进行评价。结果表明，自修复容器PDVB-graft-P(DVB-co-AA)-BTA对丙烯酸涂层破损处的自修复能力，大于埃洛石-苯并三氮唑（Halloysite-BTA），大于异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）填充的聚氨酯/聚脲甲醛（PU/PUF）微胶囊。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测试结果与之一致。结果表明该pH响应性智能自预警涂层可用于评价不同自修复策略的防腐性能，且具有快速便捷的优点。;Corrosion is a big challenge for all the countries for bring about a large amount of economic loss, therefore, developing technologies for anticorrosion is significantly important. Polymers such as polyurethane, epoxy resin and phenolic resin have been used widely for anticorrosion. However, a common challenge confronts the coating anticorrosion technique, which is inevitable corrosion around cracks in polymer coatings. For the solutions of this challenge, three smart coatings can be developed: (1) smart self-healing coating for autonomous recovering the anticorrosion performance of coating; (2) smart self-reporting coating for detection of cracks in coating; (3) integration of self-reporting and self-healing functions in one system for complement of each other. For autonomously reporting the damage of coating, a pH-responsive smart self-reporting coating was fabricated from the complex of fluorescein isothiocyanate/ phosphotungstic acid in SiO2-NH2 nanocontainers, for avoiding premature of fluorescence, embedded in epoxy resin. This smart self-reporting coating could be triggered by corrosion around cracks in polymer coatings. The function of self-reporting could be shown on metal surfaces of carbon steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy. The microcracks under coating could also be self-reported using this smart coating.A pH-responsive smart coating with dual functions of self-reporting and self-healing was fabricated with coumarin and benzotriazole molecules in pH-responsive polymer microspheres embedded in epoxy coating. The cracks in coatings on metal surfaces of carbon steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy could be self-reported and corrosion around cracks could be autonomously stopped meanwhile. The microcracks from fatigue rupture could also be autonomously reported and healed using this smart coating. This smart coating overcame the drawback of self-reporting coating without self-healing ability.The anticorrosion performance of different self-healing coating was difficult to evaluate because of diverse working mechanisms. A smart platform with self-reporting ability was fabricated by dispersing pH-responsive microspheres of PDVB-graft-P(DVB-co-AA)-phph in acrylic resin and used to evaluate the anticorrosion performance of different self-healing anticorrosion strategies. Three kinds of self-healing containers were added into acrylic resin along with pH-responsive polymer spheres, then the three coatings were immersed in corrosive solution for evaluating anticorrosion performance. The results showed that the self-healing anticorrosion performance was ranked from the highest to the lowest as PDVB-graft-P(DVB-co-AA)-BTA, Halloysite-BTA, PU/PUF microcapsules filled with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were consistent with results above. This smart platform with self-reporting ability could be used conveniently for evaluating the anticorrosion performance of different self-healing strategies.