Discovery of circa 115,000-year-old bone retouchers at Lingjing, Henan, China

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194318

	Discovery of circa 115,000-year-old bone retouchers at Lingjing, Henan, China
	Doyon, Luc 1,2; Li, Zhanyang 3,4; Li, Hao 5,6; d'Errico, Francesco 1,7
刊名	PLOS ONE
	2018-03-12
卷号	13 期号:3
ISSN号	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0194318
文献子类	Article
英文摘要	Most Chinese lithic industries dated between 300,000 and 40,000 are characterized by the absence of Levallois debitage, the persistence of core-and-flake knapping, the rarity of prepared cores, their reduction with direct hard hammer percussion, and the rarity of retouched flakes. Here we report the discovery of seven bone soft hammers at the early hominin Lingjing site (Xuchang County, Henan) dated to 125,000-105,000. These artefacts represent the first instance of the use of bone as raw material to modify stone tools found at an East Asian early Late Pleistocene site. Three types of soft hammers are identified. The first consists of large bone flakes resulting from butchery of large herbivores that were utilized as such for expedient stone tools retouching or resharpening. The second involved the fracture of weathered bone from medium size herbivores to obtain elongated splinters shaped by percussion into sub-rectangular artefacts. Traces observed on these objects indicate intensive and possibly recurrent utilization, which implies their curation over time. The last consists of antler, occasionally used. Lingjing bone tools complement what we know about archaic hominin cultural adaptations in East Asia and highlight behavioural consistencies that could not be inferred from other cultural proxies. This discovery provides a new dimension to the debate surrounding the existence of the Middle Palaeolithic in the region. The attribution of East Asian sites to the Middle Palaeolithic assumes that cultural traits such as the Levallois method represent evolutionary hallmarks applicable to regions of the world different from those in which they were originally found. Here, we promote an approach that consists in identifying, possibly from different categories of material culture, the original features of each regional cultural trajectory and understanding the behavioural and cognitive implications they may have had for past hominin populations.
WOS关键词	XUCHANG MAN SITE ; SOUTHEASTERN FRANCE ; NORTH CHINA ; ORGNAC 3 ; MIDDLE ; TOOLS ; CAVE ; NEANDERTHALS ; BEHAVIOR ; INDUSTRY
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
语种	英语
出版者	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
WOS记录号	WOS:000427189300052
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China(41630102 ; Pioneer Hundred Talents Program ; Sino-French Cai Yuanpei program(36707NF) ; Research Council of Norway through its Centre's of Excellence funding scheme ; SFF Centre for Early Sapiens Behaviour (SapienCE)(262618) ; Institut ecologie et environnement of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS-InEE) ; PACEA (CNRS) is a Partner team of the Labex LaScArBx-ANR(UMR5199 ; 41672020) ; ANR-10-LABX-52)
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/8753]
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Doyon, Luc
作者单位	1.Univ Bordeaux, UMR PACEA 5199, CNRS, Pessac, France 2.Univ Montreal, Dept Anthropol, Montreal, PQ, Canada 3.Shandong Univ, Inst Cultural Heritage, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China 4.Henan Prov Inst Cultural Rel & Archaeol, Zhenzhou, Henan, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing, Beijing Municip, Peoples R China 6.CAS Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironm, Beijing, Beijing Municip, Peoples R China 7.Univ Bergen, SFF Ctr Early Sapiens Behav SapienCE, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Doyon, Luc,Li, Zhanyang,Li, Hao,et al. Discovery of circa 115,000-year-old bone retouchers at Lingjing, Henan, China[J]. PLOS ONE,2018,13(3).
APA	Doyon, Luc,Li, Zhanyang,Li, Hao,&d'Errico, Francesco.(2018).Discovery of circa 115,000-year-old bone retouchers at Lingjing, Henan, China.PLOS ONE,13(3).
MLA	Doyon, Luc,et al."Discovery of circa 115,000-year-old bone retouchers at Lingjing, Henan, China".PLOS ONE 13.3(2018).