| Microalgal Biofuels and Biorefinery –Status, Opportunities and Challenges; Microalgal生物燃料和地位,发展带来的机遇和挑战 | |
| Zhang W(张卫) | |
| 2009-11-02 | |
| 会议名称 | FOOD, HEALTH AND FUEL: PLANTS FOR THE FUTURE |
| 会议日期 | 2009-11-2 |
| 会议地点 | 马来西亚 |
| 其他题名 | Microalgal生物燃料和地位,发展带来的机遇和挑战 |
| 页码 | 1/1 |
| 通讯作者 | 张卫 |
| 中文摘要 | The global society today faces an unprecedented challenge in sustainable energy and fuel supply. “Peak Oil”, climate change and water shortage further exacerbate the problem. Biofuels have emerged in recent years as an effective substitute for fossil fuels, largely due to their production based on renewable biological feedstock. First generation biofuels feedstock depended on food resources such as oil seeds, tallow, corn and sugar cane. This resulted in the ‘food versus fuel’ debate and also increased feedstock costs, leading to the recent collapse of biofuels industries around the world. In addition, these industries depended on a feedstock whose supply was vulnerable to fluctuations in production due to factors such as local politics, diseases and weather. An innovative non-crop production system for biofuels is to cultivate microalgae to produce oils, carbohydrate-rich biomass and clean biofuels gases. Microalgae are readily cultured microscopic organisms which, like plants, use photosynthesis to convert the sun’s energy into chemical energy while removing CO2 from the atmosphere. Microalgae are much more efficient converters of solar energy and CO2 than any known terrestrial plant. It is reported that microalgae are capable of producing in excess of 30 times the amount of oil (per year per unit area of land), when compared to terrestrial oil seed crops. Moreover, the non-oil fraction of the microalgae can be processed to produce ethanol or other bio-products. Alternatively, microalgae can be cultured to produce hydrogen from sunlight and water using their photosynthesis and hydrogenase system. This microalgae-to-biofuels concept has originated since 1940 and is gaining enormous attentions worldwide very recently. However the production and processing cost is still far from economic. To develop microalgae as economically-viable and sustainable biofuels feedstock, “Biorefinery approach” is the key to address these R&D challenges. The Biorefinery concept enables production concurrently of both biofuels and high-value co-products for feed, industrial and consumer uses. This approach differentiates from the “Energy-only approach” commonly undertaken in the first generation biofuels. Commercially competitive biofuels production can thus be achieved through diversified revenue streams from the core process, a proven model employed by petroleum industries to provide sustainable business growth. This presentation will critically review the state-of-the art, opportunities, R&D challenges and directions in realizing microalgae as a “reality” biomass feedstock from its “potential” promise. The results from our research program will be discussed as a case study. |
| 会议主办者 | 马来西亚 |
| 学科主题 | 物理化学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 会议论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.238.44/handle/321008/113716]  |
| 专题 | 大连化学物理研究所_中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Zhang W. Microalgal Biofuels and Biorefinery –Status, Opportunities and Challenges, Microalgal生物燃料和地位,发展带来的机遇和挑战[C]. 见:FOOD, HEALTH AND FUEL: PLANTS FOR THE FUTURE. 马来西亚. 2009-11-2. |
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