The electrical conductivity of pyroxene andesite was in situ measured under conditions of 1.0–2.0 GPa and 673–1073 K using a YJ-3000t multi-anvil press and Solartron-1260 Impedance/Gain-phase analyzer. Experimental results indicate that the electrical conductivities of pyroxene andesite increase with increasing temperature, and the electrical conductivities decrease with the rise of pressure, and the relationship between electrical conductivity (r) and temperature (T) conforms to an Arrhenius relation within a given pressure and temperature range. When temperature rises up to 873–923 K, the electrical conductivities of pyroxene andesite abruptly increase, and the activation enthalpy increases at this range, which demonstrates that pyroxene andesite starts to dehydrate. By the virtue of the activation enthalpy (0.35–0.42 eV) and the activation volume (-6.75 ± 1.67 cm3 /mole) which characterizes the electrical properties of sample after dehydration, we consider that the conduction mechanism is the small polaron conduction before and after dehydration, and that the rise of carrier concentration is the most important reason of increased electrical conductivity.