This paper proposes a new strategy to design the copper–graphite self-lubricating composites (CGSCs) for dynamic seal- ing applications. The relationships among structural parameters, mechanical and tribological properties of CGSCs were investigated. Results showed that the composites with a 3D network structure presented superior comprehensive mechani- cal performance; the bending strength, fracture toughness and impact toughness can reach 352 MPa, 9.6 MPa m1/2 and 9.2 J cm−2, respectively, which are 1.4, 1.7 and 5.8 higher than conventional Cu663–graphite composite. This new strategy was based on a combination of the large plastic deformation of the copper 3D network, and considerable crack deflection includes by spherical graphite particles in fracture. Meanwhile, this novel design shows the perfect combination of the mechanical reliability and self-lubricated ability. The 3D-CGSCs exhibit more excellent tribological properties when sliding against AISI 52100 bearing steel under dry condition at room temperature. The friction coefficient and wear rate are stable and with low value under a wide range of loads and reciprocating frequencies, and it possesses good anti-friction capability over a long sliding distance (3 km).