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题名	基于87Rb空间冷原子钟原理样机的光选态研究
作者	段玉雄
文献子类	硕士
导师	汪斌
关键词	冷原子钟 cold atom clock 光选态 optical state preparation 光抽运 optical pumping
其他题名	Optical state preparation in the prototype of 87Rb space cold atom clock
英文摘要	本学位论文的内容是作者在攻读硕士学位期间的主要工作，包括空间冷原子钟原理样机恢复与改造工作，基于冷原子钟的光选态理论与实验的研究。 本文工作经过文献的调研和理论的分析对比，确定了光抽运态制备的方案。我针对87Rb系统，通过求解密度算子速率方程，得到抽运过程中各磁子能级的布居数演化过程，并计算出自发辐射引入的加热。 我们改造了87Rb空间冷原子钟原理样机的物理和光学系统，包括下探测区改造为光抽运区，搭建抽运光的double-pass移频光路等。在实验上研究了在固定抽运时长下光抽运的抽运效率、有效原子数增益和抽运光失谐、光强的关系。提出简化的反卷积TOF测温的方法，测量了冷原子团不加抽运和抽运之后的温度。根据测得的抽运加热温度，评估σ跃迁成分，讨论了σ跃迁成分的重要影响。实验中得到的最优的结果为2.5倍的有效原子数增益和87%的抽运效率。目前受限于样机紧凑的结构，我们希望通过新的设计来消除σ跃迁，提高抽运效率。 我们获得了原理样机采用光抽运后的Ramsey条纹，对光抽运态制备的应用进行了初步的验证。我提出了去掉传统微波-光选态腔，MOT腔内光选态的空间冷原子钟结构，通过对87Rb系统数值计算，得到了约5倍的有效原子信号增益期望。 此外，我们发现并讨论了声光调制器的偏振特性的温度响应对光学平台输出的影响。我们还对MOT腔观察到的冷原子团不稳定性，条纹分布，以及差频冷却光下原子团集群振荡给出了理论分析与解释。; This essay mainly covers the author's work during studying for master's degree, including the restoration and modification of the prototype of the 87Rb space cold atom clock, and theoretical and experimental research on the state preparation in the cold atom clock. Based on the literature research and theoretical analysis, the optical pumping state preparation plan was carried out. For 87Rb system, by solving the density matrix rate equations, the dynamics of the population of the Zeeman sublevels involved are derived, and the heating temperature of the pumping process is calculated. The physical and optical system of the prototype was modified. The usual lower detection chamber was changed for the optical pumping. A double-pass frequency-shift path for pumping laser was established. Based on fixed pumping duration, the dependence of the effective cold atom signal gain and pumping efficiency on the pumping intensity and detuning has been studied experimentally. We measured the cold atom temperature with and without pumping through simplified deconvolution method. Base on the heating temperature of pumping, we estimated the σ transition component. Further, we discussed the vital influence of σ transition. The optimal experimental result is a 2.5 times effective signal gain with 87% pumping efficiency. Limited by present compact structure, we hope to eliminate the σ transition for higher pumping efficiency through a new design. We have also obtained the Ramsey pattern in our optically pumped prototype, which primarily verifies the feasibility of the technical plan. A new configuration of the space cold atom clock is brought up, which has no typical cavity for microwave-light state selection and adds a pumping stage in the MOT. For 87Rb system, based on our numerical calculation, a nearly 5-fold gain is expected in the new configuration in space. In addition, we discovered and discussed the influence of the temperature response of the polarization properties of the AOM on the optical bench output. We also discovered and explained in detail the observed phenomena in our MOT including the instability of the cold atom cloud, the distribution of the cold atoms in the interference patterns and the oscillation of the atom cloud in the cooling lasers with a frequency difference.
学科主题	量子光学
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/31019]
专题	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
作者单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	段玉雄. 基于87Rb空间冷原子钟原理样机的光选态研究[D].

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