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题名	磁不敏态的双光子相干操控
作者	王晓晨
文献子类	硕士
导师	钱军
关键词	相干操控 coherent manipulation 磁不敏态 magnetically insensitive states 微波-射频双光子跃迁 microwave-RF two-photon transition 原子芯片 atom chips
其他题名	Two-photon Coherent Manipulation of Magnetically Insensitive States
英文摘要	原子内态的相干操控是原子物理的重要研究课题之一，在原子钟和量子信息处理等领域有广泛的应用。保持量子体系长时间的相干性是实现原子态相干操控的关键。碱金属原子磁不敏态处于“魔术磁场”时对磁场的扰动极不敏感。本文对磁不敏态间的相干过程（Rabi振荡）和热弛豫过程做了详细的研究。主要结果如下： （1）实验研究了热原子气室中磁不敏态的微波-射频双光子相干操控。观测到了相干微波-射频场驱动下的铷原子超精细基态间的双光子Rabi振荡现象。基于塞曼子能级之间热弛豫过程的标定和微波跃迁的测量，清晰地分辨出叠加有热弛豫过程的原子态布居相干振荡。广义Rabi频率与中间态失谐和微波/射频功率的关系也由实验测得并且进行了具体的分析。当中间态失谐较小时，由于少量原子占据中间态的缘故造成实测的Rabi频率偏离理论值。这些结果为量子系统的相干操控提供了有力的手段。 （2）原子芯片上冷原子双光子跃迁取得了初步进展。对原有的光路进行了重新搭建，实现了双光子跃迁实验的初态制备，得到了5*10^4的F=1,mF=-1态原子。微波场作用于原子时观测到了原子云分裂的现象。 （3）完成了新原子芯片平台的搭建工作。新原子芯片与石英池粘贴后接入到真空系统中，在经过高温烘烤后得到了10^-7 Pa的高真空度。; Coherent manipulation of atomic internal states is one of important research topics in atomic physics and has a broad range of applications in atomic clocks and quantum information processing. Maintaining the coherence of a quantum system for a long time is the key to achieving coherent control of the atomic states. Magnetically insensitive states of alkali-metal atoms are extremely insensitive to magnetic field fluctuation at a ‘magic magnetic field’. This thesis explores the coherent process (Rabi oscillation) and thermal relaxation between the magnetically insensitive states in details. The main results are presented as follows: (1) Microwave-RF two-photon coherent manipulation of magnetically insensitive states in a thermal vapor cell is experimentally studied. The two-photon Rabi oscillations between hyperfine ground states of rubidium atoms simultaneously driven by microwave and RF fields are observed. Based on the calibration of the thermal relaxation process and the measurement of the microwave transitions between Zeeman sublevels, the coherent oscillations of the atomic population are distinctly distinguished from the thermal relaxation process. Moreover, the dependences of the generalized Rabi frequency on the intermediate detuning and the powers of the microwave/RF fields are also measured and analyzed in details. For small detunings, however, the measured Rabi frequency was found to deviate from the theoretical prediction due to the population of the intermediate state. These achievements provide us powerful means for the coherent manipulation of quantum systems. (2) The preliminary progress of the two-photon transition with cold atoms on an atom chip is made. We rebuild the original optical paths, and realize the initial state preparation of the two-photon transition experiments. As a result, 5*10^4 of atoms in F=1,mF=-1 state are obtained. The splitting of the atom cloud is observed when the microwave field is applied on the atoms. (3) The construction of the new atom chip platform is completed. The new atom chip is glued on the glass cell and connected to the vacuum system. After the high temperature baking, a high vacuum of 10^-7 Pa is achieved at present.
学科主题	理论物理
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/31071]
专题	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
作者单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王晓晨. 磁不敏态的双光子相干操控[D].

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