When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth centuryboundary level is stratigraphically optimal

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.045

CORC > 地球环境研究所 > 中国科学院地球环境研究所 > 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室（2010~）

	When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth centuryboundary level is stratigraphically optimal
	Oreskes,N(Oreskes, Naomi)[24]; An,ZS(An,Zhisheng)[23]; Wolfe,AP(Wolfe,Alexander P)[22]; Wing,SL(Wing,Scott L)[21]; Wagreich,M(Wagreich,Michael)[20]; Vidas,D(Vidas,Davor)[19]; Syvitski,JPM(Syvitski,James P.M)[18]; Summerhayes,C(Summerhayes,Colin)[17]; Steffen,W(Steffen,Will)[16]; Richter,D(Richter,Daniel)[15]
刊名	Quaternary International
	2015-10-05
卷号	383 期号:2015 页码:196-203
关键词	Anthropocene Stratigraphy GSSP GSSA
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.045
文献子类	期刊论文
英文摘要	We evaluate the boundary of the Anthropocene geological time interval as an epoch, since it is useful to have a consistent temporal definition for this increasingly used unit, whether the presently informal term is eventually formalized or not. Of the three main levels suggested – an ‘early Anthropocene’ level some thousands of years ago; the beginning of the Industrial Revolution at ∼1800 CE (Common Era); and the ‘Great Acceleration’ of the mid-twentieth century – current evidence suggests that the last of these has the most pronounced and globally synchronous signal. A boundary at this time need not have a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP or ‘golden spike’) but can be defined by a Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (GSSA), i.e. a point in time of the human calendar. We propose an appropriate boundary level here to be the time of the world's first nuclear bomb explosion, on July 16th 1945 at Alamogordo, New Mexico; additional bombs were detonated at the average rate of one every 9.6 days until 1988 with attendant worldwide fallout easily identifiable in the chemostratigraphic record. Hence, Anthropocene deposits would be those that may include the globally distributed primary artificial radionuclide signal, while also being recognized using a wide range of other stratigraphic criteria. This suggestion for the Holocene–Anthropocene boundary may ultimately be superseded, as the Anthropocene is only in its early phases, but it should remain practical and effective for use by at least the current generation of scientists.
语种	英语
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/9640]
专题	地球环境研究所_黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室（2010~）
作者单位	1.Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2.The Institute of the Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 10 Fenghui South Road, Xi'an High-Tech Zone, Xi'an 710075, China; 3.Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada; 4.Dept. of Paleobiology, NHB121, PO Box 37012, Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA; 5.Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; 6.Marine Affairs and Law of the Sea Programme, The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Norway; 7.University of Colorado-Boulder Campus, Box 545, Boulder, CO 80309-0545, USA; 8.Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK; 9.The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; 10.Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA;
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Oreskes,N,An,ZS,Wolfe,AP,et al. When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth centuryboundary level is stratigraphically optimal[J]. Quaternary International,2015,383(2015):196-203.
APA	Oreskes,N.,An,ZS.,Wolfe,AP.,Wing,SL.,Wagreich,M.,...&Zalasiewicz,J.(2015).When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth centuryboundary level is stratigraphically optimal.Quaternary International,383(2015),196-203.
MLA	Oreskes,N,et al."When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth centuryboundary level is stratigraphically optimal".Quaternary International 383.2015(2015):196-203.