从复杂网络的角度分析大型开源软件内部软件包依赖关系的复杂度和风险

情况。以Gentoo Linux系统做为数据源，将系统中的软件包抽象成点，把软件包之

间的依赖关系抽象成边，建立随机图。对此进行分析。除应用经典的随机图方法

外，还定义了两个基于有向图的新参数：复杂度和风险度分布，用以量化地评估系

统的复杂程度与风险性。通过应用两个新参数。观察到Gentoo系统的复杂度和风

险度分布经历了一个快速增长的阶段。这种高速增长的原因来自系统中环状依赖

结构。

In this paper，we study one of the most popular open source Linux distributions called Gentoo Linux under the complex systems analysis framework．We model the packages in Gentoo Linux as vertices and the dependency relationships among these packages as edges．In addition to using common graph measures such as degree distribution，we have developed two additional measures，average complexity and risk distribution，to investigate this graph in an attempt to better capture the complexity of large-size software packages and the potential impact of software defects．These measures are based on modeling

package dependency的a directed graph．Our analysis shows that the average complexity and risk distri· bution of Gentoo Linux has experienced a period of rapid increase．Such increases are closely associated with the circle dependency relationship among some of the heavily depended packages．