华北冬小麦降水亏缺变化特征及气候影响因素分析

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	华北冬小麦降水亏缺变化特征及气候影响因素分析
	刘勤; 梅旭荣; 严昌荣; 居煇; 杨建莹
刊名	生态学报
	2013
卷号	33 期号:20 页码:6643-6651
关键词	气候变化水供应冬小麦降水亏缺华北区
ISSN号	1000-0933
其他题名	Dynamic variation of water deficit of winter wheat and its possible climatic factors in Northern China
英文摘要	为了探究气候变化背景下作物降水亏缺变化规律和影响因素,该文基于华北地区1971-1980年和2001-2010年气象数据和冬小麦生育期资料,研究了冬小麦生育期内降水亏缺变化特点,利用构建的敏感度分析模型探讨了降水亏缺量对主要气候要素的敏感性特征。研究结果表明, 2001-2010年华北中部地区全生育期内干旱加重,降水亏缺面积略有增加;播种-返青期内降水亏缺程度自江苏徐州-河南许昌一线往北都有所加剧,返青-拔节期内降水亏缺程度缓解,拔节-抽穗期内降水亏缺程度加重,仅在山西中部太原地区降水略有盈余,抽穗-成熟期内降水亏缺有所缓解;冬小麦拔节-抽穗期降水亏缺量对日照时数高度正向敏感站点最多,主要分布在河北北部地区和安徽省,其次是风速,对温度和降水的高度正向敏感站点最少。该文为制定灌溉定额,农业水资源管理和缓解水资源供需矛盾提供科学依据。; Currently, it is widely recognized that the determination of water deficit for crop water requirement is a key part of design and operation of agricultural water resource systems. This paper analyzes the weather and crop data for the periods of 1971-1980 and 2001-2010, to assess the spatial dynamic variation of water deficit of winter wheat in different growth stages. The water deficit changes during jointing and heading stages were investigated considering the shapes of climate parameters using sensitivity analysis model. The results indentified an increasing trend of total water deficit of winter wheat in central Northern China where large part is arid land. Moreover the drought degree of winter wheat showed more aggravation during the period between sowing and returning green stages along the line of Xuzhou and Xuchang to the north. Water deficit had alleviated during the period between returning green and jointing stages, excluding central part of Northern China. The spatial pattern of water deficit of winter wheat showed an increasing trend during the period between jointing and heading stages except in the central part of Shanxi Province. Most part of the Northern China showed a decreasing trend of water deficit during the period between heading and maturity stages, where as in the south west of Northern China water deficit increased. During jointing and heading stages of winter wheat, the meteorological stations where water deficit changes are positively linked to sunshine duration account for the majority and the stations where water deficit changes is positive sensitive to sunshine duration are located in Hebei Province. The wind speed is followed, and the stations where water deficit changes are positive sensitive to mean air temperature account for the minority. The findings from this research provide an important information base for the regional studies of irrigation scheduling, water resources management to ease the tension of water resources supply and demand.
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/16977]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_旱作节水研究室
作者单位	中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室, 北京, 100081
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘勤,梅旭荣,严昌荣,等. 华北冬小麦降水亏缺变化特征及气候影响因素分析[J]. 生态学报,2013,33(20):6643-6651.
APA	刘勤,梅旭荣,严昌荣,居煇,&杨建莹.(2013).华北冬小麦降水亏缺变化特征及气候影响因素分析.生态学报,33(20),6643-6651.
MLA	刘勤,et al."华北冬小麦降水亏缺变化特征及气候影响因素分析".生态学报 33.20(2013):6643-6651.