土壤水分和氮添加对华北平原高产农田有机碳矿化的影响

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	土壤水分和氮添加对华北平原高产农田有机碳矿化的影响
	李银坤 1; 陈敏鹏 1; 梅旭荣 1; 夏旭 1; 郭文忠 2; 李昊儒 1; 郝卫平 1
刊名	生态学报
	2014
卷号	34 期号:14 页码:4037-4046
关键词	有机氮无机氮土壤含水量微生物碳氮有机碳矿化速率
ISSN号	1000-0933
其他题名	Effects of soil moisture and nitrogen addition on organic carbon mineralization in a high-yield cropland soil of the North China Plain
英文摘要	通过105 d的恒温(25℃)控湿室内培养方法,探讨了华北平原高产粮田土壤有机碳矿化特征以及水分和有机、无机氮输入对其影响。试验设4个肥料添加水平和4个水分梯度,分别为对照(SO)、仅添加无机氮(尿素)(S1)、无机氮和有机氮(鸡粪)配施(S2)以及仅添加有机氮(S3)和25%(田间持水量;MO)、50%(M1)、75%(M2)和100%(M3)共16个处理,每处理3次重复。结果表明,各处理有机碳矿化速率均在培养后1 d达第1高峰,之后直线下降,培养7 d时下降幅度达57.2%—75.0%,培养20-30 d时出现第2高峰。有机碳累积矿化量有208.8—1161 mg/kg,主要集中在前30 d,可占整个培养期的59.1%— 69. 9%,105 d的净矿化率为0.07%—2.01%。根据双指数方程模拟结果,研究了土壤潜在矿化碳库(C_1+ C_2),其中活性碳库(C_1)和惰性碳库(C_2)分别为53.0—135.1 mg/kg和156,9—1069 mg/kg,潜在矿化率为1.75%—9.66%。土壤含水量显著影响有机碳矿化,且与潜在矿化碳库呈二次函数关系(P<0.05)。田间持水量25%—100%范围内,随着土壤含水量的升高,有机碳矿化速率呈增加趋势,但增幅降低,其中M2(田间持水量75%)的有机碳净矿化率最高。有机碳矿化量与土壤微生物碳和矿质氮含量呈线性正相关(P<0.05),保持氮水平(200 kg N/hm~2)相同,有机氮(鸡粪)和无机氮(尿素)均显著促进土壤有机碳矿化,但两者间差异不显著(P>0.05),且有机氮和无机氮对有机碳矿化的影响均与土壤含水量有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。; A highly productive soil from the North China Plain was used for a homoeothermic incubation study at 25 ℃ for 105 d to identify the characteristics of soil organic C mineralization and investigate the impacts on that mineralization of soil moisture, and addition of inorganic and organic nitrogen. Four fertilizer input levels and four moisture gradient treatments were used in the experiment, including a control (SO),inorganic nitrogen (urea,S1), inorganic and organic nitrogen (50% urea+50% chicken manure, S2) and organic nitrogen (chicken manure, S3). The N application rate of the S1,S2 and S3 treatments was 200 kg N/hm~2, with 20% field capacity (M0), 50% field capacity (Ml), 75% field capacity (M2) and 100% field capacity (M3) used with each soil treatment, giving a total of sixteen treatments with three replicates. The soil organic C mineralization rate of all treatments sharply declined at the first day of incubation, decreased by 57.2%—75.0% over the first 7 d, and appeared as secondary peaks at the 20th day of incubation. Soil organic C mineralization ranged from 208.8 to 1161 mg/kg and mainly happened in the first 50 days, especially in the first 30 days (accounting for 59.1%-69.9% of the total mineralized soil C). The net mineralization rate of all treatments ranged from 0. 07% to 2.01%. According to simulation using a double exponential model, the potential organic C mineralization flux and rate were 219.1—1204 mg/kg and 1.75%—9.66%, respectively. The active and resistant pools were 53.0—135.1 mg/kg and 156.9—1069 mg/kg, respectively. Organic C mineralization of soil with fertilizer was significantly affected by the soil water content (P<0.05). The higher the soil water content (from 25% to 100% of field capacity),the more organic C accumulated in the soil under the same fertilizer addition conditions. The relationship between organic C mineralization and soil water content was well fitted by a quadratic function equation (P<0.05). When the soil water content increased from M0 to M3, the average organic C mineralization rate significantly increased to 18.4 mg· kg~(-1)· d~(-1),20.9 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),22.3 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) and 23.5 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) from 4.47 mg·kg~(-1), d~(-1), 4.64 mg· kg~(-1)·d~(-1), 4.61 mg· kg~(-1)·d~(-1) and 4.88 mg· kg~(-1)·d~(-1), respectively. However, the increasing rate gradually reduced to 30.0%—43.9% and -3.08%-12.4% from 66.9%-261%. The amount of C mineralized in the soils amended with fertilizer was significantly higher than that in the control treatment. The average mineralization rates of the S1, S2 and S3 treatments increased above that in the SO treatment by 3.86%— 27. 9%, 3.28%—39.5% and 9.27%—31.5%, respectively. However, there were no significant differences among the S1, S2 and S3 treatments at the same soil water content conditions. Thus there were no significant differences between the forms of added nitrogen, i.e. organic nitrogen (chicken manure) or inorganic nitrogen (urea). The amounts of soil organic C mineralization were linearly related to the microbial biomass carbon (P<0.01) and mineral nitrogen (P<0.05),indicating that the contents of microbial biomass carbon and mineral nitrogen were the key factors affecting the mineralization of C. It can be concluded that soil organic C mineralization was significantly affected by soil moisture and nitrogen addition, and that there was a significant interaction with soil moisture and nitrogen addition (P<0.05).
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/16919]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_旱作节水研究室
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室 2.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心, 北京, 100081 3.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心, 北京, 100097
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李银坤,陈敏鹏,梅旭荣,等. 土壤水分和氮添加对华北平原高产农田有机碳矿化的影响[J]. 生态学报,2014,34(14):4037-4046.
APA	李银坤.,陈敏鹏.,梅旭荣.,夏旭.,郭文忠.,...&郝卫平.(2014).土壤水分和氮添加对华北平原高产农田有机碳矿化的影响.生态学报,34(14),4037-4046.
MLA	李银坤,et al."土壤水分和氮添加对华北平原高产农田有机碳矿化的影响".生态学报 34.14(2014):4037-4046.