不同灌溉条件下保水剂对新疆棉花生长及产量的影响

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	不同灌溉条件下保水剂对新疆棉花生长及产量的影响
	白文波 1; 王春艳 1; 李茂松 1; 鲍顺淑 2; 何爽 1; 曹肆林 3; 宋吉青 1
刊名	农业工程学报
	2010
卷号	26 期号:10 页码:69-76
关键词	棉花聚丙烯酸类保水剂聚合物水分产量干物质
ISSN号	1002-6819
其他题名	Effects of super absorbent polymer on growth and yield of cotton under different irrigation conditions in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
英文摘要	为指导新疆灌溉棉区棉花节水灌溉和增产,通过大田试验,比较研究5种不同灌溉条件下保水剂对棉花生长,干物质积累与分配,水分吸收及产量的影响.结果表明,施用保水剂能不同程度地抑制棉花株高,使主茎叶数,单株蕾数和叶面积减小,但单株铃数会增加.保水剂能促进棉花根系和蕾铃发育,使干物质由营养器官向生殖器官的分配比增加13.8%~25.8%,同时增强了水分由根系向茎叶的运输能力.适宜减量灌溉(常规灌量的40%以上)条件下,施用保水剂在节水21.1%以上的前提下,仍能较对照(充足灌溉,且无保水剂)增产6.7%~22.0%;即使是以常规灌量的40%进行灌溉,施保水剂也能保障棉花不减产.在该试验条件下,常规灌量的80%为最适灌溉量,能使棉花产量较对照显著提高22.0%(有保水剂)和7.4%(无保水剂).初步分析认为,引起棉花增产的直接原因是单株铃数和单铃质量增加,间接原因是保水剂调控了不同器官干物质的积累与分配,以及水分代谢状况; With the purpose of promoting water-saving irrigation and cotton yield in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the effect of super absorbent polymer(SAP) on the growth, dry matter accumulation and distribution, water absorption and yield of cotton were studied through field experiments. The results showed that SAP application induced to the reduction in plant height, leaf number of the main stem, square number and leaf area, while an increase in boll numbers. SAP application could accelerate the growth of root, square and boll. The dry matter allocation ratio from nutritional organs to reproductive organs increased by 13.8%-25.8%, and the water transportation ability from roots to stems and leaves was also enhanced. Compared to the usual irrigation quantity of farmers,SAP application could save water 21.1% and increase yield 6.7%-22.0% under proper water-saving irrigation(the irrigation quantity was above 40% of the usual irrigation quantity). When the irrigation quantity was 40% of the usual irrigation quantity, the yields of cotton were not reduced with SAP application. Moreover, the yields could increase 22.0% with SAP application and 7.4% without SAP application, compared to the control(usual irrigation, without SAP application), when the irrigation quantity was about 80% of the usual irrigation quantity, which was considered as the optimal irrigation quantity. The high production of cotton was relative to the increased boll numbers and boll weights, and the regulation of dry matter accumulation, distribution and water metabolism with SAP application
学科主题	农业基础科学 ; 农作物
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/17220]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_农业减灾研究室
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部农业环境与气候变化重点开放实验室 2.农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室, 北京, 100081 3.农业部规划设计研究院, 北京, 100125 4.新疆农垦科学院农机研究所, 石河子, 832003
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	白文波,王春艳,李茂松,等. 不同灌溉条件下保水剂对新疆棉花生长及产量的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2010,26(10):69-76.
APA	白文波.,王春艳.,李茂松.,鲍顺淑.,何爽.,...&宋吉青.(2010).不同灌溉条件下保水剂对新疆棉花生长及产量的影响.农业工程学报,26(10),69-76.
MLA	白文波,et al."不同灌溉条件下保水剂对新疆棉花生长及产量的影响".农业工程学报 26.10(2010):69-76.