黄河中游砒砂岩地区生态安全综合评价——以内蒙古长川流域为例

CORC > 中国农业科学院 > 农业环境与可持续发展研究所 > 气候变化研究室

	黄河中游砒砂岩地区生态安全综合评价——以内蒙古长川流域为例
	高清竹 1; 许红梅 2; 康慕谊 3; 杨劼 4; 孙林 3; 赵云龙 1
刊名	资源科学
	2006
卷号	28 期号:2 页码:132-139
关键词	生态安全综合评价黄河中游砒砂岩地区
ISSN号	1007-7588
其他题名	Comprehensive Evaluation on Ecological Security in the Soft Rock Area in Middle Reaches of the Yellow River： A Case Study in Changchuan Watershed, China
英文摘要	生态安全是指能够维持和保障人类社会可持续发展，同时不损害和威胁生态系统本身健康和完整性的生态系统状态，是人与自然生态环境达到高度和谐状态。从长川流域土壤侵蚀、干旱缺水、生物多样性减少等实际主要生态环境问题的角度，建立流域生态安全评价指标体系，采用地理信息系统手段和综合评价方法，对1976年至2000年4期区域生态安全状况进行评价，获得的主要结论如下：在1976年至2000年期间，在各生态安全等级中，生态欠安全和生态中度安全等级占据主导地位，而生态安全等分布面积非常小，仅占流域总面积的小于1％的区域。虽然近几十年的水土流失综合治理、生态环境建设等人类活动，使得长川流域生态安全状况有所好转．但是目前流域生态安全状况还是不容乐观、生态安全水平较低，全流域整体生态安全指数（ESI）变化范围在1．11～1．33之间，处于生态欠安全等级。不过，水土流失重点治理小流域（如川掌沟、五步进沟、五分地沟等）以及整个流域尺度的生态安全状况的好转说明，通过水土流失综合治理和生态环境建设等人类活动可以改善生态环境、保障和维持生态安全。; Ecological Security is defined as the undamaged or unthreatened conditions of the living space and eco-environment for regional sustainable development. Land use and land cover pattern changes are the most important factors and processes influencing the regional ecological security. In the soft rock area of Middle Reaches of Yellow River, ecological environments are quite fragile. Irrational uses of land resources in the past resulted in decreased vegetation coverage, increased soil erosion, water deficiency and biodiversity loss, and seriously affected the regional ecological security.In order to testify these views, a case study was conducted at the Changchuan watershed, a typical area of the soft rock area of middle reaches of Yellow River, where the ecological environment is fragile and regional sustainable development as well as ecological security is seriously restricted by ecological issues such as soil erosion, water losses, drought and shortage of water. The existing ecological problems and major ecological processes were analyzed and land use/cover change and its effect on soil erosion, ecological water requirement and biodiversity were explored by using RS and GIS techniques combined with field investigation in this study. On this basis, ecological security of Chanchuan watershed was synthetically evaluated by using RS and GIS techniques along with systems analysis methods such as analytic hierarchical programming （AHP） and expert consultancy. The results of comprehensive evaluation on ecological security of land use at Changchuan watershed indicate that measures of soil erosion control, ecological and environmental construction has certainly improved the situation of ecological security of this region during past decades, but the current situation of ecological security was not satisfactory. The level of ecological security was relatively low and stayed at the third grade with 1.11 ~ 1.33 of ecological security index （ESI）. From 1976 to 2000, amidst various ecological security grades, the distribution area of the ecological relative security grade and ecological relative less security grade are the widest, and the ecological security grade only accounts for 1.0 % of the total basin＇s area. The improvement of ecological security condition in small watersheds including Chuanzhanggou watershed, Wubujingou watershed and Wufendigou watershed and the whole watershed indicate that human activities such as soil and water loess control and environmental construction could improve ecological condition and maintain ecological security.
学科主题	水利工程 ; 环境科学基础理论
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/17492]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_气候变化研究室
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京, 100081 2.国家气象局气候中心, 北京, 100081 3.北京师范大学资源研究所, 北京, 100875 4.内蒙古大学生命科学学院, 呼和浩特, 010021
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	高清竹,许红梅,康慕谊,等. 黄河中游砒砂岩地区生态安全综合评价——以内蒙古长川流域为例[J]. 资源科学,2006,28(2):132-139.
APA	高清竹,许红梅,康慕谊,杨劼,孙林,&赵云龙.(2006).黄河中游砒砂岩地区生态安全综合评价——以内蒙古长川流域为例.资源科学,28(2),132-139.
MLA	高清竹,et al."黄河中游砒砂岩地区生态安全综合评价——以内蒙古长川流域为例".资源科学 28.2(2006):132-139.